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The mammalian locomotor CPG: Revealing the contents of the black box.
J Neurophysiol
December 2024
Dept of Physiology.
It has long been known that a neural circuit situated in the spinal cord of mammals is independently capable of generating and modulating locomotor movements. Following its initial discovery over a century ago, a great deal of research has been focused on characterizing this neural circuit to determine how it is able to elicit movement. For much of the 20th century difficulty identifying individual component interneurons that comprised this neural circuit resulted in it being considered a powerful but mysterious "black box".
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnravelling a mystery of hypokalemic hypertension- a rare case report of a reninoma.
BMC Endocr Disord
December 2024
National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Background: Reninoma is a rare cause of secondary hypertension, which can be cured with surgery if identified early before any target organ damage occurs. It leads to hypokalaemia and hypertension and typically responds well to treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers. However, confirmation of the diagnosis and the localisation of this rare culprit lesion can be challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFForearm mystery: rare flexor carpi radialis muscle cysticercosis.
J Surg Case Rep
December 2024
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202001, India.
This case report describes a rare instance of muscle cysticercosis in a 16-year-old vegetarian female from an endemic region, highlighting the challenges in diagnosing atypical presentations of the disease. The patient presented with a 2-month history of persistent pain and swelling in the right forearm, which did not respond to over-the-counter analgesics. A clinical examination identified a non-tender, immobile swelling, and imaging studies suggested cysticercosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInferring neurocognition using artificial intelligence on brain MRIs.
Front Neuroimaging
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a unique lens to study neuroanatomic support of human neurocognition. A core mystery is the MRI explanation of individual differences in neurocognition and its manifestation in intelligence. The past four decades have seen great advancement in studying this century-long mystery, but the sample size and population-level studies limit the explanation at the individual level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteocyte Dendrites: How Do They Grow, Mature, and Degenerate in Mineralized Bone?
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken)
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
Osteocytes, the most abundant bone cells, form an extensive cellular network via interconnecting dendrites. Like neurons in the brain, the long-lived osteocytes perceive mechanical and biological inputs and signal to other effector cells, leading to the homeostasis and turnover of bone tissues. Despite the appreciation of osteocytes' vital roles in bone biology, the initiation, growth, maintenance, and eventual degradation of osteocyte dendrites are poorly understood due to their full encasement by mineralized matrix.
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