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Effects of protection on large-bodied reef fishes in the western Indian Ocean.
Conserv Biol
January 2025
UMR ENTROPIE (IRD, UR, CNRS, IFREMER, UNC), CS 41096, La Reunion, France.
Predatory and large-bodied coral reef fishes have fundamental roles in the functioning and biodiversity of coral reef ecosystems, but their populations are declining, largely due to overexploitation in fisheries. These fishes include sharks, groupers, Humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus), and Green Humphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum). In the western Indian Ocean, this situation is exacerbated by limited population data on these fishes, including from conventional visual census methods, which limit the surface area surveyed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDivergent responses of pelagic and benthic fish body-size structure to remoteness and protection from humans.
Science
March 2024
Marine Futures Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Animal body-size variation influences multiple processes in marine ecosystems, but habitat heterogeneity has prevented a comprehensive assessment of size across pelagic (midwater) and benthic (seabed) systems along anthropic gradients. In this work, we derive fish size indicators from 17,411 stereo baited-video deployments to test for differences between pelagic and benthic responses to remoteness from human pressures and effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs). From records of 823,849 individual fish, we report divergent responses between systems, with pelagic size structure more profoundly eroded near human markets than benthic size structure, signifying greater vulnerability of pelagic systems to human pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLarval Dispersal Modeling Reveals Low Connectivity among National Marine Protected Areas in the Yellow and East China Seas.
Biology (Basel)
March 2023
School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Article Synopsis
- Marine protected areas (MPAs) play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation and climate change adaptation, yet their planning often overlooks connectivity assessments, which are vital for their effectiveness.
- A study utilizing a multi-species biophysical model analyzed larval dispersal among 21 national MPAs in the Yellow and East China Seas, revealing that connectivity patterns were inadequate, with about 30% of the MPAs being isolated and forming three distinct groups.
- The research highlighted key MPAs serving as connectivity nodes and recommended introducing new protected areas to enhance ecological corridors, particularly focusing on the Yellow Sea ecoregion to boost population recruitment as climate change pressures increase.
A global snapshot of microplastic contamination in sediments and biota of marine protected areas.
Sci Total Environ
March 2023
Programa de pós-graduação em Oceanologia (PPGO), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR -UNIFESP), Rua Maria Máximo, 168, 11030-100 Santos, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:
Microplastics (MPs) become ubiquitous contaminants in Marine Protected Areas (MPA) that have been planned as a conservation strategy. The present study provides a comprehensive overview of the occurrence, abundance, and distribution of MPs potentially affecting MPA worldwide. Data on MP occurrence and levels in sediment and biota samples were collected from recent peer-reviewed literature and screened using a GIS-based approach overlapping MP records with MPA boundaries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultispecies Assessment of Anthropogenic Particle Ingestion in a Marine Protected Area.
Biology (Basel)
September 2022
Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO-CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain.
We have applied a multispecies ecosystem approach to analyse the ingestion of anthropogenic particles (AP) in the gastrointestinal tract of 313 individuals (17 fish species and 8 invertebrate species) from pelagic, demersal and benthic habitats in a marine protected area off the Western Mediterranean (Cabrera National Park). We have quantified and characterized the ingestion at several taxonomic levels of fish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, bivalves, and jellyfish in relation to biotic/abiotic factors based on taxonomic groups, trophic guilds (functional groups) and habitats. AP ingestion occurrence ranged from 26 to 100% with no significant differences among taxonomic groups.
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