[Ophthalmology complaints in Spain].

Purpose: We reviewed 90 complaints for allegedly incorrect ophthalmic procedures. Most of these complaints (33%) were related to cataract and refractive surgery (18%). In third position in terms of frequency (14%) were complaints concerning oculoplastic surgery and in fourth position were complaints related to retinal detachment (13%). This was followed by a miscellaneous group, which represented 10% of complaints. About 9% of complaints were related to emergency ophthalmic procedures, while just 3% of complaints were related to glaucoma.

Methods: We analysed within each subgroup the characteristics of the claims; the information given to the patient, those cases in which there existed grounds for considering the ophthalmologist's performance as being incorrect, and court orders that were adopted.

Results: The most common groups were cataract and refractive surgery, which together represented more than a half of the complaints. We found in 26% of cases, reports from other doctors criticizing the professional performance a posteriori of an accused ophthalmologist, incorrect or incomplete documents of informed consent, as well as patients asserting that their surgeons made them promises of results, or minimized risks about the proposed operation.

Conclusions: In the great majority of cases, the claim was settled due to a characteristic complication inherent in the surgical technique and present in the document of informed consent signed by the patient. We also observed a minority of cases, particularly in refractive surgery, in which a foreseeable and avoidable complication related to incorrectly prescribed surgical techniques was produced. In these exceptional cases, expert evidence is usually unfavorable and charges are typically laid. It is probable that improved information for patients would reduce the number of these claims.