Immobilization stress (hypokinesis) in Balb/c mice may aggravate asymptomatic infection with Langat virus (strain TP-21) as evidenced by 4-fold increased lethality in comparison with control animals. The virus levels in the spleen and brain of stressed and infected mice and the in vitro yield of the virus in immunocompetent cells derived from stressed mice were significantly higher than in controls. Enhanced virus replication in latter cells may contribute to increased accumulation of the infectious agent in lymphatic tissues, which would facilitate virus invasion into CNS followed with acute disease and death of animals.
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J Infect Dev Ctries
December 2024
Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Introduction: Alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV) is a newly discovered virus in the Flaviviridae family. It was discovered in 1995 among animal handlers in Saudi Arabia. AHFV spreads through close contact with infected animals and tick bites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV) is a tick-borne flavivirus causing debilitating and potentially fatal disease in people in the Western Ghats region of India. The transmission cycle is complex, involving multiple vector and host species, but there are significant gaps in ecological knowledge. Empirical data on pathogen-vector-host interactions and incrimination have not been updated since the last century, despite significant local changes in land use and the expansion of KFD to new areas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasitol Res
January 2025
Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is flavivirus transmitted to the host via tick saliva which contains various molecules with biological impacts. One of such molecules is Iristatin, a cysteine protease inhibitor from Ixodes ricinus that has been shown to have immunomodulatory properties. To characterize Iristatin in the relation to TBEV, we investigate whether this tick inhibitor has any capacity to influence TBEV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic Acids Res
January 2025
Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulations, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic.
In RNA interference (RNAi), long double-stranded RNA is cleaved by the Dicer endonuclease into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which guide degradation of complementary RNAs. While RNAi mediates antiviral innate immunity in plants and many invertebrates, vertebrates have adopted a sequence-independent response and their Dicer produces siRNAs inefficiently because it is adapted to process small hairpin microRNA precursors in the gene-regulating microRNA pathway. Mammalian endogenous RNAi is thus a rudimentary pathway of unclear significance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
Enveloped viruses, such as flaviviruses and coronaviruses, are pathogens of significant medical concern that cause severe infections in humans. Some photosensitizers are known to possess virucidal activity against enveloped viruses, targeting their lipid bilayer. Here we report a series of halogenated difluoroboron-dipyrromethene (BODIPYs) photosensitizers with strong virus-inactivating activity.
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