Rationale: Smoking has detrimental effects on asthma outcome, such as increased cough, wheezing, sputum production, and frequency of asthma attacks. This results in accelerated lung function decline. The underlying pathological process of smoke-induced deterioration of asthma is unknown.
Objectives: To compare bronchial inflammation and remodeling in never-smokers, ex-smokers, and current smokers with asthma.
Methods: A total of 147 patients with asthma (66 never-smokers, 46 ex-smokers, and 35 current smokers) were investigated.
Measurements And Main Results: Lung function, exhaled nitric oxide levels, and symptom questionnaires were assessed, and induced sputum and bronchial biopsies were obtained for determination of airway inflammation and remodeling. Smokers with asthma had lower FEV(1) and alveolar and bronchial nitric oxide levels than never-smokers. Smokers also had more goblet cells and mucus-positive epithelium, increased epithelial thickness, and a higher proliferation rate of intact and basal epithelium than ex-smokers and never-smokers. Smokers had higher numbers of mast cells and lower numbers of eosinophils than never-smokers. Ex-smokers had similar goblet cell numbers and mucus-positive epithelium, epithelial thickness, epithelial proliferation rate, and mast cell numbers as never-smokers.
Conclusions: Smokers with asthma have epithelial changes that are associated with increased asthma symptoms, such as shortness of breath and phlegm production. The fact that epithelial characteristics in ex-smokers are similar to those in never-smokers suggests that the smoke-induced changes can be reversed by smoking cessation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200906-0828OC | DOI Listing |
Front Public Health
January 2025
Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Background: Population aging and smoking are both major challenges worldwide, particularly in developing countries. We preliminarily explored the relationship of smoking cessation duration and cognitive function among middle-aged and older Chinese.
Methods: The data comes from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) wave 4.
Occup Med (Lond)
January 2025
MTW-Holding, Minsk 220070, Belarus.
Background: Preceding studies of environmental and occupational risk factors of sarcoidosis yielded inconsistent findings.
Aims: We aimed to ascertain the occupational risk factors for sarcoidosis in a case-control study.
Methods: A total of 237 sarcoidosis patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis were matched with 474 controls for sex and age (median 49, interquartile range 37; 60 years) recruited from the university hospitals and outpatient centres in Belarus, Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
January 2025
Clinic of Internal Medicine II - Department of Pneumology, Medical University of Vienna - Vienna (Austria). Electronic address:
Background: Clinical studies of biologics in severe asthma exclude smokers or ex-smokers (ExS) with over 10 pack-years (py). Thus, the effectiveness of this therapy in ex-smokers with severe asthma is not well understood.
Objectives: To assess the impact of smoking on clinical efficiency of biologics in patients with severe asthma from the German Asthma Net (GAN), a comprehensive international registry.
BMC Med
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises 85% of cases with rising incidence among never-smokers (NS). This study seeks to compare clinical, imaging, pathology, and outcomes between NS and ever-smokers (S) NSCLC patients to identify significant differences if any.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetes Metab
December 2024
Department of Family Medicine and Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Trend sensing-Risk modeling, Institution of Quality of Life in Cancer, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Aim: Cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus (DM) increase risks of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality in cancer survivors. An increased risk of DM incidence in cancer survivors has been observed and smoking is an important modifiable risk factor for DM development in the general population. Thus, we investigated the association between smoking behavior change after cancer diagnosis and DM incidence in cancer survivors.
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