A new class of non-Gaussian curvature fluctuations zeta(pr)(x) identical with deltaN(chi(i)) arises from the postinflation preheating behavior of a noninflaton field chi(i). Its billiardlike chaotic dynamics imprints regular log-spaced narrow spikes in the number of preheating e-folds N(chi(i)). We perform highly accurate lattice simulations of supersymmetry-inspired quartic inflaton and coupling potentials in a separate-universe approximation to compute N(chi(i)) as a function of the (nearly homogeneous) initial condition chi(i). The superhorizon modes of chi(i)(x) result in positive spiky excursions in zeta(pr) and hence negative gravitational potential fluctuations added to the usual sign-independent inflaton-induced perturbations, observably manifested in large cosmic structures and as (polarized) temperature cosmic microwave background cold spots.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.071301 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
August 2024
Soft Condensed Matter & Biophysics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Skyrmions are topologically protected, vortex-like structures found in various condensed-matter systems including helical ferromagnets and liquid crystals, typically arising from chiral interactions. Using extensive particle-based simulations, we demonstrate that non-chiral hard banana-shaped particles, governed solely by excluded-volume interactions, spontaneously stabilize skyrmion structures through the bend-flexoelectric effect. Under thin confinement, we observe the formation of quasi-2D layers of isolated skyrmions or dense skyrmion lattices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
May 2024
Department of Energy Sciences, Lund University, P. O. Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
Polymer solutions in the dilute regime play a significant role in industrial applications. Due to the intricate rheological properties of these highly viscoelastic fluids, especially in complex flow geometries, a thorough numerical analysis of their flow dynamics is imperative. In this research, we present a numerical investigation of purely elastic instability occurring in two- and three-dimensional serpentine channels under conditions where fluid inertia is negligible and across a broad spectrum of polymer relaxation times.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbdom Radiol (NY)
April 2024
Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Purpose: Varying diffusion curvature (VDC) MRI is an emerging diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) technique that can capture non-Gaussian diffusion behavior and reflect tissue heterogeneity. However, its clinical utility has hardly been evaluated. We aimed to investigate the value of the VDC technique in noninvasively assessing microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Stat Plan Inference
January 2022
Division of Biostatistics, University of California, San Diego, USA.
We propose a construction of simultaneous confidence bands (SCBs) for functional parameters over arbitrary dimensional compact domains using the Gaussian Kinematic formula of -processes (tGKF). Although the tGKF relies on Gaussianity, we show that a central limit theorem (CLT) for the parameter of interest is enough to obtain asymptotically precise covering even if the observations are non-Gaussian processes. As a proof of concept we study the functional signal-plus-noise model and derive a CLT for an estimator of the Lipshitz-Killing curvatures, the only data-dependent quantities in the tGKF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
September 2021
Laboratory of High Energy and Computational Physics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Rävala puiestee 10, 10143 Tallinn, Estonia.
We consider quantum diffusion in ultraslow-roll (USR) inflation. Using the ΔN formalism, we present the first stochastic calculation of the probability distribution P(R) of the curvature perturbation during USR. We capture the nonlinearity of the system, solving the coupled evolution of the coarse-grained background with random kicks from the short wavelength modes, simultaneously with the mode evolution around the stochastic background.
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