We study the nondiffusive Brownian motion of both rigid and deformable mesoscopic particles by cross-correlated dynamic light scattering with microsecond temporal resolution. Whereas rigid particles show the classical long-time tail prediction, the transition to diffusive motion of deformable particles presents a striking behavior not explained by the existing hydrodynamic treatments. This observation can be interpreted in terms of a damped oscillatory deformational motion on time scales of the order of the Brownian time. Finally, we show that the nondiffusive Brownian motion depends on the specific flexibility of the particles.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.80.021403 | DOI Listing |
Phys Rev E
July 2021
Raman Research Institute, Bengaluru 560080, India.
Active Brownian motion with intermittent direction reversals is common in bacteria like Myxococcus xanthus and Pseudomonas putida. We show that, for such a motion in two dimensions, the presence of the two timescales set by the rotational diffusion constant D_{R} and the reversal rate γ gives rise to four distinct dynamical regimes: (I) t≪min(γ^{-1},D_{R}^{-1}), (II) γ^{-1}≪t≪D_{R}^{-1}, (III) D_{R}^{-1}≪t≪γ^{-1}, and (IV) t≫max(γ^{-1}, D_{R}^{-1}), showing distinct behaviors. We characterize these behaviors by analytically computing the position distribution and persistence exponents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft Matter
August 2020
International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hesaraghatta Hobli, Bengaluru North, Bangalore, Karnataka, India560089.
We study the single-file dynamics of three classes of active particles: run-and-tumble particles, active Brownian particles and active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles. At high activity values, the particles, interacting via purely repulsive and short-ranged forces, aggregate into several motile and dynamical clusters of comparable size, and do not display bulk phase-segregation. In this dynamical steady-state, we find that the cluster size distribution of these aggregates is a scaled function of the density and activity parameters across the three models of active particles with the same scaling function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
May 2020
Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
An integral expression for the translational velocity of a perfectly slipping spherical particle under a time-dependent applied force in unsteady Stokes flow is derived. For example, when the ratio of particle density to fluid density is small, our analysis pertains to an inviscid bubble in a viscous fluid. We determine an explicit form of the particle velocity under an impulsive force, wherefrom the velocity autocorrelation function and mean-squared displacement of a perfectly slipping sphere undergoing Brownian motion are obtained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
January 2020
Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Institut Theorie der Polymere, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
The Fokker-Planck equation provides a complete statistical description of a particle undergoing random motion in a solvent. In the presence of Lorentz force due to an external magnetic field, the Fokker-Planck equation picks up a tensorial coefficient, which reflects the anisotropy of the particle's motion. This tensor, however, cannot be interpreted as a diffusion tensor; there are antisymmetric terms which give rise to fluxes perpendicular to the density gradients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys
May 2013
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
A two-dimensional fractional Laplacian operator is derived and used to model nonlocal, nondiffusive transport. This integro-differential operator appears in the long-wavelength, fluid description of quantities undergoing non-Brownian random walks without characteristic length scale. To study bounded domains, a mask function is introduced that modifies the kernel in the fractional Laplacian and removes singularities at the boundary.
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