Crystallization phenomena of fluorochlorozirconate glasses were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry and inelastic neutron scattering. The precipitation of barium chloride nanoparticles from the glass matrix upon heat treatment was found to be suppressed when re-melting the glass with a reducing agent but not if the agent was present in the initial synthesis. Addition of small amounts of oxide to the predominantly fluoride melt was found to maintain the presence of nanoparticles but not to induce the predicted phase transition of the barium chloride nanoparticles from hexagonal to orthorhombic structure. Inelastic neutron scattering performed on an 'as-made' glass and a heat-treated glass showed an increase in 'hardness', consistent with a more ordered structure.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/21/37/375103 | DOI Listing |
J Biomed Technol Res
June 2015
Department of Electrical Engineering, South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences, Lübecker Ring 2, 59494 Soest, Germany.
This article gives an overview of fluorochlorozirconate glass-ceramic scintillators and storage phosphor materials: how they are synthesized, what their properties are, and how they can be used in medical imaging. Such materials can enhance imaging in x-ray radiography, especially mammography and dental imaging, computed tomography, and positron emission tomography. Although focusing on fluorochlorozirconate materials, the reader will find the discussion is relevant to other luminescent glass and glass-ceramic systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Ceram Soc
November 2013
Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208 ; Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.
Heat treating fluorochlorozirconate (FCZ) glasses nucleates nanocrystals in the glass matrix, resulting in a nanocomposite glass-ceramic that has optical properties suitable for use as a medical imaging plate. Understanding the way in which the nanocrystal nucleation proceeds is critical to controlling the optical behavior. The nucleation and growth of nanocrystals in FCZ glass-ceramics was investigated with transmission electron microscopy heating experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Non Cryst Solids
July 2013
Centre for Innovation Competence SiLi-nano , Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Str. 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
This work focuses on the structural changes of barium chloride (BaCl) nanoparticles in fluorochlorozirconate-based glass ceramics when doped with two different luminescent activators, in this case rare-earth (RE) ions, and thermally processed using a differential scanning calorimeter. In a first step, only europium in its divalent and trivalent oxidation states, Eu and Eu, is investigated, which shows no significant influence on the crystallization of hexagonal phase BaCl. However, higher amounts of Eu increase the activation energy of the phase transition to an orthorhombic crystal structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Condens Matter
May 2013
Centre for Innovation Competence SiLi-nano®, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Eu(2+)-doped fluorochlorozirconate (FCZ) glasses and glass ceramics, which are being developed for medical and photovoltaic applications, have been analysed by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The oxidation state and chemical environment of the europium ions, which are important for the performance of these materials, were investigated. Routes for maximizing the divalent europium content were also investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe structure/property relationships of fluorochlorozirconate glass ceramics as a function of divalent and trivalent europium (Eu) co-doping and thermal processing have been investigated; the influence of doping ratio on the formation of barium chloride (BaCl(2)) nanocrystals therein was elucidated. X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy shows that the post-thermal annealing changes the Eu valence of the as-poured glass slightly, but during the melting process Eu(3+) is more strongly reduced to Eu(2+), in particular, when doped as a chloride instead of fluoride compound. The Eu(2+)-to-Eu(3+) doping ratio also plays a significant role in chemical equilibrium in the melt.
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