The proventriculus:keel ratio was evaluated as a prognostic indicator for short-term survival in parrots with proventricular disease. Measurements were made from right lateral radiographs of 41 parrots with proventricular disease. Results were compared with the previously described abnormal proventriculus:keel ratio range and to short-term clinical outcome at 1-month postdiagnosis. The ratio in all parrots was > 0.52, and 39% of parrots succumbed to their disease within 1 month of diagnosis. There was no significant association between the proventriculus:keel ratio and survival duration (P = 0.9). The proventriculus:keel ratio is a sensitive indicator of proventricular disease in parrots but is insensitive as a prognostic indicator.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8261.2009.01582.x | DOI Listing |
Open Vet J
November 2024
Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Shatrah University, Shatrah, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
Background: In poultry, despite intense vaccination programs for prevention of Newcastle disease (ND), the ND infection still affects, causing high mortality in most vaccinated flocks.
Aim: This study aimed to determine whether the genetic material of the ND virus has changed and has become incompatible with the vaccines used in Iraq.
Methods: Real-time PCR was used to analyze genetic variation in the fusion (F) and haemaggluatination neuraminidase (HN) genes, as well as mRNA expression changes in inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6, interleukin-1 beta (IL-6, IL-1β), and gamma interferon (IFN-γ).
J Vet Med Sci
November 2024
Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan.
Mononuclear cell infiltration of the central nervous system and ganglioneuritis are characteristic histopathological findings of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) caused by parrot bornavirus (PaBV) infection. The purpose of this study was to clarify the link between the degree of inflammatory lesions and the distribution of the virus antigen in naturally PaBV-infected parrots. Pathological examination was performed on 18 PaBV-infected birds identified by reverse transcriptase-PCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnat Histol Embryol
July 2024
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
The spleen is the largest secondary lymphoid organ with significant roles in pathogen clearance. It is involved in several avian diseases. The cattle egret is a wild insectivorous bird of agricultural and socioeconomic importance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Zoo Wildl Med
June 2024
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Avenida Luís de Camões, Santa Catarina 88520-000, Brazil,
are responsible for proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in psittacines. This study aimed to determine the occurrence and factors associated with infection in psittacines kept in captivity in a state in the southern region of Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 192 birds from two facilities (A and B) in 2019, using choanal, esophageal, and cloacal swabs and feathers, totaling 768 samples subjected to reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), for the matrix (M) protein gene with a final product of 350 base pairs (bp).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
May 2024
International Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
Parrot bornavirus (PaBV) is an infectious disease linked with proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) with severe digestive and neurological symptoms affecting psittacine birds. Despite its detection in 2008, PaBV prevalence in Taiwan remains unexplored. Taiwan is one of the leading psittacine bird breeders; hence, understanding the distribution of PaBV aids preventive measures in controlling spread, early disease recognition, epidemiology, and transmission dynamics.
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