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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common pediatric psychiatric disorders and is frequently diagnosed and treated by pediatricians. Stimulant medications are the first-line treatment for ADHD but may not be a good fit for many patients due to side effects, inadequate treatment response, or family preference. Non-stimulant ADHD medications provide a useful alternative for patients that cannot tolerate stimulants, have an incomplete treatment response to stimulants, are at risk for stimulant diversion, or whose family prefers to avoid stimulants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuccessful treatment with guanfacine in a long-COVID case manifesting marked cognitive impairment.
Neuropsychopharmacol Rep
September 2024
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
Background: Persistent cognitive impairment is a serious consequence of the post-COVID condition. However, there have been no established effective treatments for this pathophysiology supported by sufficient evidence.
Case Presentation: A 32-year-old woman became aware of difficulty in word recalling, reading, and writing as well as difficulty in completing various household multitasks 3 weeks after the COVID-19 infection.
Recent advances in pharmacological management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: moving beyond stimulants.
Expert Opin Pharmacother
May 2024
Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Inc, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Introduction: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurobehavioral disorder characterized by impairing inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity in children and adults. Although medications have been available to treat ADHD symptoms for decades, many are stimulant formulations. Stimulants, such as amphetamine and methylphenidate, are available in more than two dozen formulations, but all have similar adverse effects and carry a risk of misuse and dependence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGuanfacine Treatment in a Patient with Intravenous Buprenorphine/Naloxone Misuse.
Case Rep Psychiatry
January 2024
Centre of Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment, Ataturk State Hospital, Antalya, Türkiye.
In this case report, we described a patient admitted with buprenorphine/naloxone (BN) misuse, accompanied by intermittent pregabalin misuse, to self-treat the opioid withdrawal symptoms. We treated the withdrawal symptoms after cessation of BN with guanfacine extended-release (XR). To our knowledge, it has been the first case report describing guanfacine-XR in the treatment of BN misuse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQT-Interval Prolongation Associated with Supratherapeutic Guanfacine Concentration: A Case Report.
J Med Toxicol
April 2024
Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima City, 734-8553, Japan.
Introduction: Guanfacine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although cardiovascular effects including hypotension and bradycardia are common adverse effects of guanfacine, the effect of guanfacine on QT intervals remains unclear. The association between the serum concentration of guanfacine and its toxicity has also not been fully investigated.
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