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Autophagy-dependent hepatocyte secretion of DBI/ACBP induced by glucocorticoids determines the pathogenesis of cushing syndrome.
Autophagy
December 2024
Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy Institut, Villejuif, France.
DBI/ACBP is a phylogenetically ancient hormone that stimulates appetite and lipo-anabolism. In response to starvation, DBI/ACBP is secreted through a noncanonical, macroautophagy/autophagy-dependent pathway. The physiological hunger reflex involves starvation-induced secretion of DBI/ACBP from multiple cell types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeneration of BT-Amide, a Bone-Targeted Pyk2 Inhibitor, Effective Oral Administration, for the Prevention of Glucocorticoid-Induced Bone Loss.
J Med Chem
November 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, United States.
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is the leading cause of iatrogenic osteoporosis due to the widespread clinical use of glucocorticoids (GC) as immunosuppressants. Previous research identified the proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2, Pyk2, as a critical mediator of GC-induced bone loss, and that blocking Pyk2 could protect the skeleton from adverse GC actions. However, systemic administration of current Pyk2 inhibitors causes harmful side effects, such as skin lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatic Visualization on DXA Scan: An Ancilliary Finding.
J Pak Med Assoc
September 2024
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore.
Article Synopsis
- Thalassemia major is a genetic disorder leading to severe anemia, jaundice, and organ enlargement, which can also cause secondary osteoporosis due to altered iron metabolism.
- Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is commonly used to diagnose osteoporosis, although it usually does not visualize soft tissues unless calcified.
- In cases of thalassemia, liver iron deposition from frequent blood transfusions increases liver density, allowing better visualization during a DXA scan aimed at assessing bone mineral density.
Distal Junctional Failure: A Feared Complication of Multilevel Posterior Spinal Fusions.
J Clin Med
August 2024
Department of Spinal Surgery Unit 1, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux University Hospital, C.H.U Tripode Pellegrin, Place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
Distal junctional failure (DJF) is less commonly described than proximal junctional failure following posterior spinal fusion, and particularly adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. We describe a case series of patients with DJF, taking into account sagittal spinopelvic alignment, and suggest potential risk factors in light of the current literature. We performed a single-center, retrospective review of posterior spinal fusion patients with DJF who underwent subsequent revision surgery between June 2009 and January 2019.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevalence, Implications, and Risk Factors of Traumatic Dural Tears in Thoracic and Lumbar Fractures: A Retrospective Study.
Cureus
July 2024
Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, MYS.
Introduction Spine fracture in association with traumatic dural tear is a serious injury. A traumatic dural tear is difficult to determine based on initial clinical presentation and radiological imaging even with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, during decompression surgery, cerebrospinal fluid leaks surrounding the injured segments are usually confirmed by directly visualizing them.
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