[Bioethics and biomedical experiment evolution from Alkmaion to Pavlov. Dedicated to 160 years since I.P. Pavlov's birthday].

Ethic aspects of biomedical experiment evolution from Alkmaion to Pavlov, are analysed. The history of reflexes in the paradigm of mechanitsism and antropomorphism is reinterpreted. It is emphasized that animal life and their behaviour exceed the bounds of mechanitsizm. It is grounded the necessity of humane treating living organisms. The theory of conditioned reflexes and the method of physiological synthesis are considered in the context of bioethics. It is shown that Pavlov's methodological approaches are in correspondence with the modern principles of bioethics of scientific animal experiments.