Our knowledge of regulatory mechanisms of gene expression and other chromosomal processes related to DNA methylation and chromatin state is continuing to grow at a rapid pace. Understanding how these epigenomic phenomena vary between individuals will have an impact on understanding their broader role in determining variation in gene expression and biochemical, physiological, and behavioural phenotypes. In this review we survey recent progress in this area, focusing on data available from humans. We highlight the role of obligatory (sequence-dependent) epigenomic variation as an important mechanism for generating interindividual variation that could impact our understanding of the mechanistic basis of complex trait architecture.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00335-009-9219-0 | DOI Listing |
Glob Epidemiol
June 2025
Business Analytics (BANA) Program, Business School, University of Colorado, 1475 Lawrence St. Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA.
AI-assisted data analysis can help risk analysts better understand exposure-response relationships by making it relatively easy to apply advanced statistical and machine learning methods, check their assumptions, and interpret their results. This paper demonstrates the potential of large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, to facilitate statistical analyses, including survival data analyses, for health risk assessments. Through AI-guided analyses using relatively recent and advanced methods such as Individual Conditional Expectation (ICE) plots using Random Survival Forests and Heterogeneous Treatment Effects (HTEs) estimated using Causal Survival Forests, population-level exposure-response functions can be disaggregated into individual-level exposure-response functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Oral Biol
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan. Electronic address:
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of nasal obstruction on the coordinated movement of perioral tissues during mastication using a motion capture system.
Design: Twelve healthy adult participants were instructed to chew gum only on their habitual masticatory side for 30 s, with and without nasal obstruction. Nasal obstruction was induced by blocking nasal breathing with a nose clip.
Antibiotics (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Diagnosvägen 21, SE-41650 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Background: Current antibiotic regimens for infective endocarditis (IE) are effective but pose a high risk of delayed hypersensitivity reactions (DHR). Dose adjustments guided by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) could mitigate these risks while maintaining treatment efficacy. This study aimed to investigate the plasma concentration of benzylpenicillin and cloxacillin in patients with IE and explore associations between antibiotic concentrations and DHR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals (Basel)
January 2025
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
With the increasing demand for enhancing livestock production performance and optimizing feed efficiency, this study aimed to investigate the effects of fermented total mixed ration (FTMR) containing different proportions of rice straw and sheath and leaves of on systemic nutrient metabolism and oxidative metabolism under host genetic regulation and on growth performance of heifers. A total of 157 heifers aged 7-8 months were selected, and their hair was collected for whole-genome sequencing. They were randomly assigned into four groups of 18 to 21 cattle each and fed FTMR containing varying levels of rice straw (21% in LSF, 28% in MSF, 35% in HSF) or 31% sheath and leaves of (ZF) for a two-month period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesmopressin (DDAVP) can be used to prevent or stop bleeding. However, large inter-individual variability is observed in DDAVP response and determinants are largely unknown. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we aim to identify the response to DDAVP, and the factors that determine DDAVP response in patients.
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