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RANK drives structured intestinal epithelial expansion during pregnancy.
Nature
January 2025
Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria.
Article Synopsis
- - During pregnancy and lactation, mammals experience significant changes in their intestinal epithelium, leading to an increase in intestinal surface area through the expansion of villi.
- - The RANK-RANKL molecular pathway is crucial for this process, protecting gut cells from death and promoting intestinal stem cell activity, which results in villous elongation.
- - Mice lacking RANK in their intestinal epithelium have offspring that are heavier and more prone to glucose intolerance, highlighting the importance of RANK-RANKL in both immediate and long-term health outcomes for offspring.
Ivermectin Enhances Paclitaxel Efficacy by Overcoming Resistance Through Modulation of in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
Anticancer Res
December 2024
Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Background/aim: Chemoresistance to paclitaxel (PTX) significantly ameliorates therapeutic efficacy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially in advanced stages, deteriorating the progression free and overall survival rates. One of the critical mechanisms contributing to drug resistance is the excretion of PTX from target cells via efflux pumps. Ivermectin was developed as a bactericidal agent against parasites; however, it has recently been shown to inhibit the proliferation of human cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome-wide Meta-analysis for Myopic Macular Neovascularization Identified a Novel Susceptibility Locus and Revealed a Shared Genetic Susceptibility with Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
Ophthalmol Retina
November 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to find genetic factors that contribute to myopic macular neovascularization (mMNV) in people with severe myopia through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis.
- Researchers analyzed data from 2,783 highly myopic individuals, including 608 with mMNV and 2,175 controls, using advanced genetic analysis techniques.
- The study discovered a new genetic variant, rs56257842, associated with a lower risk of mMNV, and found that certain transcription factors interacted differently with this variant, suggesting it plays a significant role in the disease's development.
Choline supplementation reduces cadmium uptake and alleviates cadmium toxicity in Solanum lycopersicum seedlings.
BMC Plant Biol
October 2024
Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, 16059, Turkey.
Sustainable plant production in soil polluted with heavy metals requires that novel strategies are developed for the benefit of humans and other living things. Cadmium (Cd) is a common heavy metal pollutant for plants, and there is limited information on the use of exogenous bio-regulators to reduce the accumulation and toxic effects of Cd pollution in plants. Choline is an endogenous quertarnary amine that is known to improve stress tolerance in plants, while its mechanism of action in certain conditions is yet to be determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of TPI1 As a potential therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer with dependency of TP53 mutation using multi-omics analysis.
Cancer Sci
November 2024
Department of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on the four key driver genes (KRAS, CDKN2A, TP53, SMAD4) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), with KRAS and TP53 being the most common mutations.
- Researchers developed organoids with KRAS mutations and TP53 loss of function to analyze how these mutations affect cellular processes, specifically highlighting enhanced glycolysis in the double-mutant organoids.
- They identified triosephosphate isomerase (TPI1) as a potential therapeutic target, as its loss decreased cell proliferation in PDAC cells with TP53 mutations, present in about 70% of PDAC patients.
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