We report the observation of transverse spatial ring structures in the transmitted beam profile using a thin CdS platelet that exhibits increasing-absorption optical bistability. The observed ring structure is in good agreement with our theoretical predictions.
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Number of subfields of the rat dorsal subiculum defined by the NOS and PCP4 immunoreactivities changes according to the different levels of observation.
Neuroscience
January 2025
Department of Molecular Anatomy, School of Medicine University of the Ryukyus, Uehara, 207, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
The subiculum is a main output part of the hippocampal formation and important for learning and memory. According to connection studies, the distal and proximal regions of the subiculum project to the brain regions related to the spatial and emotional memories, respectively. Our previous morphological studies indicated that the ventral subiculum (vSub) consists of two regions, the distal subiculum (Sub1) and the proximal subiculum (Sub2), while the dorsal subiculum (dSub) seemed to comprise only one region (Sub1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA.
Background: Elevated iron in brain is a source of free radicals that causes oxidative stress which has been linked to neuropathologies and cognitive impairment among older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of iron levels with transverse relaxation rate, R, and white matter hyperintensities (WMH), independent of the effects of other metals and age-related neuropathologies.
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Entanglement microscopy and tomography in many-body systems.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Physics and HK Institute of Quantum Science & Technology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Quantum entanglement uncovers the essential principles of quantum matter, yet determining its structure in realistic many-body systems poses significant challenges. Here, we employ a protocol, dubbed entanglement microscopy, to reveal the multipartite entanglement encoded in the full reduced density matrix of the microscopic subregion in spin and fermionic many-body systems. We exemplify our method by studying the phase diagram near quantum critical points (QCP) in 2 spatial dimensions: the transverse field Ising model and a Gross-Neveu-Yukawa transition of Dirac fermions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfinitesimal optical singularity ruler for three-dimensional picometric metrology.
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Nanophotonics Research Center, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 51806, China.
Optical metrology with picometer-scale precision in three-dimensional space is of considerable importance in modern physics and state of the art technology, optical interference is an effective method, but techniques with rapid spatial variation have the potential to enhance measurement precision, which will be required as measurement dimensions decrease. Here, the concept of the vanishingly small optical phase singularity ruler is introduced. Inspired by the well-known plumb-line technique used to locate the centroid, an analogous singularity line technique is proposed to locate the optical singularity with a precision of ~4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA dual dimensional optimization strategy for automatic osteotomy preoperative planning in congenital radioulnar synostosis.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Congenital radioulnar synostosis (CRUS) presents a complex forearm deformity, requiring precise osteotomy planning for anatomical restoration. This study proposes an automatic osteotomy preoperative planning method for forearms with CRUS. Proximal forearm bones are first aligned with the template forearm and then a dual dimensional optimization (DDO) strategy is used to optimize the spatial transformation parameters of the distal fragment.
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