Auxiliary beta subunits are critical determinants of membrane expression and gating properties of voltage-gated calcium channels. Mutations in the beta(4) subunit gene cause ataxia and epilepsy. However, the specific function of beta(4) in neurons and its causal relation to neurological diseases are unknown. Here we report the localization of the beta(4) subunit in the nuclei of cerebellar granule and Purkinje cells. beta(4b) was the only beta isoform showing nuclear targeting when expressed in neurons and skeletal myotubes. Its specific nuclear targeting property was mapped to an N-terminal double-arginine motif, which was necessary and sufficient for targeting beta subunits into the nucleus. Spontaneous electrical activity and calcium influx negatively regulated beta(4b) nuclear localization by a CRM-1-dependent nuclear export mechanism. The activity-dependent shuttling of beta(4b) into and out of the nucleus indicates a specific role of this beta subunit in neurons, in communicating the activity of calcium channels to the nucleus.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2853709 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/chan.3.5.9696 | DOI Listing |
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
Purpose: To investigate the presence of uridine-5'-triphosphate (UTP)-activated P2Y1-like nucleotide receptors (P2Y2R, P2Y4R, and P2Y6R) in conjunctival goblet cells (CGCs) and determine if they increase intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and induce mucin secretion.
Methods: Adult, male rat conjunctiva was used for culture of CGCs. To investigate the expression of P2YRs, mRNA was extracted from CGCs and used for reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) with commercially obtained primers specific to P2Y2R, P2Y4R, and P2Y6R.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.
The innate immune system is tightly regulated by a complex network of chemical signals triggered by pathogens, cellular damage, and environmental stimuli. While it is well-established that changes in the extracellular environment can significantly influence the immune response to pathogens and damage-associated molecules, there remains a limited understanding of how changes in environmental stimuli specifically impact the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, a key component of innate immunity. Here, we demonstrated how shear stress can act as Signal 2 in the NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathway by treating LPS-primed immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs) with several physiologically relevant magnitudes of shear stress to induce inflammasome activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFASEB J
January 2025
Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sarcopenia is an age-related muscle atrophy syndrome characterized by the loss of muscle strength and mass. Although many agents have been used to treat sarcopenia, there are no successful treatments to date. In this study, we identified Danshensu sodium salt (DSS) as a substantial suppressive agent of muscle atrophy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Endodontics, Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IRN.
Internal root resorption (IRR) is a rare but complex condition characterized by progressive destruction of the internal dentin walls, typically resulting from chronic pulp inflammation, trauma, or infection. Managing apical IRR, particularly in teeth with extensive apical lesions, presents significant challenges due to the limitations of traditional root canal treatment (RCT) and obturation techniques. This report discusses the nonsurgical management of two contralateral mandibular first molars in a 49-year-old male patient, both exhibiting apical IRR and large endodontic lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, PAK.
Shock is a state of inadequate perfusion that affects vital organs. Cardiogenic shock (CS) predisposes patients to various arrhythmias. The adverse effect depends on intervention and pharmacogenomics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!