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Magnitude, patterns, and factors associated with liver disease among clinically suspected clients in Eastern Ethiopia: hidden public health tragedy.
BMC Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
Background: Liver diseases are a public health problem in developing regions, and the majority of them are asymptomatic. Evidence on the current burden of liver disease and associated context-specific risk factors is scarce in the study area, where various risk factors for liver disease, including khat chewing, smoking, and aflatoxin exposure, are common. This study was to assess the magnitude, patterns, and factors associated with liver disease among patients visiting governmental hospitals in eastern Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentity change metaphors in public blogs written by people living with dementia and their care partners.
Dementia (London)
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, WI, USA.
Dementia and the associated stigma pose unique threats to the identity of persons with dementia, triggering attempts to cope with resulting identity changes. We explore identity change narratives and metaphors written by people with dementia and care partners in public blog posts. These metaphors reflect bloggers' motivation to adapt, adjust, and cope with identity change and their motives to challenge common misunderstandings of dementia as a complete loss of selfhood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCooperation in the face of crisis: effect of demographic noise in collective-risk social dilemmas.
Math Biosci Eng
November 2024
Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil.
In deciding whether to contribute to a public good, people often face a social dilemma known as the tragedy of the commons: either bear the cost of promoting the collective welfare, or free-ride on the efforts of others. Here, we study the dynamics of cooperation in the context of the threshold public goods games, in which groups must reach a cumulative target contribution to prevent a potential disaster, such as an environmental crisis or social unrest, that could result in the loss of all private wealth. The catch is that the crisis may never materialize, and the investment in the public good is lost.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA complete classification of evolutionary games with environmental feedback.
PNAS Nexus
November 2024
Center for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.
A tragedy of the commons, in which rational behavior of individuals to maximize their own payoffs depletes common resources, is one of the most important research topics in game theory. To better understand the social dilemma problem, recent studies have developed a theoretical framework of feedback-evolving game where individual behavior affects an environmental (renewable) resource and the environmental resource changes individual payoffs. While previous studies assumed that the frequency of defectors increases (prisoner's dilemma [PD] game) when the environmental resource is abundant to investigate an oscillating tragedy of the commons, it is also possible for other types of game to produce the social dilemma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetabolic acidosis and sudden infant death syndrome: overlooked data provides insight into SIDS pathogenesis.
World J Pediatr
December 2024
Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5006, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Recent research into Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) suggests that metabolic acidosis and sepsis are significant factors, challenging the traditional brain-centered theories that have dominated the field for decades.
- Analysis of various studies indicates that infections might play a crucial role, as many SIDS risk factors are tied to infection, which could lead to organ failure and respiratory issues in infants.
- The paper advocates for including specific metabolic tests (like pH and bicarbonate levels) in autopsies of unexpected child deaths to better understand the underlying causes of SIDS.
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