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Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Links Ingestion, Homeostasis, and the Heart.
Compr Physiol
February 2025
Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a hormone released from enteroendocrine cells in the distal small and large intestines in response to nutrients and other stimuli, not only controls eating and insulin release, but is also involved in drinking control as well as renal and cardiovascular functions. Moreover, GLP-1 functions as a central nervous system peptide transmitter, produced by preproglucagon (PPG) neurons in the hindbrain. Intestinal GLP-1 inhibits eating by activating vagal sensory neurons directly, via GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs), but presumably also indirectly, by triggering the release of serotonin from enterochromaffin cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDe Novo Chromosomes 3q and 5q Chromothripsis Leads to a 5q14.3 Microdeletion Syndrome Presentation: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Am J Med Genet A
January 2025
The Cain Pediatric Neurology Research Foundation Laboratories, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.
5q14.3 microdeletion syndrome (MIM#613443) is a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) involving copy number loss of multiple genes including Myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) gene in the q14.3 region of chromosome 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLactobacillus johnsonii Generates Cyclo(pro-trp) and Promotes Intestinal Ca Absorption to Alleviate CKD-SHPT.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China.
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at a high risk of developing secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), which may cause organ dysfunction and increase patient mortality. The main clinical interventions for CKD-SHPT involve calcium supplements to boost absorption, but ineffective for some patients, and the reasons remain unclear. Here, CKD mice are divided into high and low groups based on intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune Aging and Its Implication for Age-Related Disease Progression.
Physiology (Bethesda)
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA.
As life expectancy increases globally, the prevalence and severity of age-related disease has risen, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and increasing dependency on the health care system. Age-related diseases share several pathological commonalities, and emerging evidence suggests that targeting these biological processes ameliorate multiple age-related diseases. Immune aging plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases, given its involvement not only in controlling infection and cancer but also in facilitating tissue homeostasis and repair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRevisiting the association between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and the risk of neoplasm in patients with type 2 diabetes: new insights from an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Objective: To evaluate the association between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and the risk of neoplasm in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods: Literature retrieval was conducted using databases from inception to June 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SGLT-2i with placebo or other treatments in patients with T2D, and with reports of neoplasm events were included.
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