The diversity of Lyme-borreliosis-inducing Borrelia species in Europe set high standards for the use of serodiagnostic test systems in terms of specificity and sensitivity. In the United States, the one-step C6 antibody test system based on the invariable domain IR6 of the VlsE molecule has been established as a successful diagnostic tool for testing canine samples. However, only a limited set of data are available regarding the antigenicity of the C6 peptides in an experimental murine model and sensitivity of the test regarding European Borrelia species. In order to investigate antibody reactions induced by these spirochetes, a total of 142 C3H/HeN mice were inoculated with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto N40, B. garinii PBi, two isolates of B. afzelii, B. spielmanii A14S, B. valaisiana Rio6, B. valaisiana VS116, or B. lusitaniae. Infection of the mice was documented utilizing tissue culture and PCR. The IR6 sequences of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto B31, B. garinii IP90, and two B. afzelii ACAI strains have been used to synthesize and test additional C6 peptides. Compared to the well-established two-tiered test system, the results indicate that single C6 peptides derived from B. burgdorferi sensu stricto and B. garinii can be used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based technique to detect murine antibodies induced by either agent. Little is known about the prevalence or pathogenicity of the B. afzelii strains in mammalian hosts, but our experimental data indicate differences in the C6 peptide test sensitivity for the detection of antibodies induced by different strains or isolates of B. afzelii.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00201-09 | DOI Listing |
Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis
December 2024
Research Station and Museum of the Tatra National Park, Tatranská Lomnica, 059 60, Slovakia.
Rodents and insectivores are significant reservoirs of many zoonotic pathogens, contributing to the transmission of diseases affecting human and animal health. This study investigated the prevalence and diversity of vector-borne pathogens in small mammals within the High Tatras region of Slovakia, an area with substantial recreational activity and protected zones. A total of 156 small mammals, comprising ten species, were screened for pathogens such as spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland.
Multicellular animals need to control the spread of invading pathogens. This is a particular challenge for blood-feeding vectors such as ticks, which ingest large amounts of blood potentially laden with harmful microorganisms. Ticks have a basic innate immune system and protect themselves from infection through innate immune responses involving pathways such as Janus kinase (JAK) or the signalling transducer activator of transcription (STAT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Parasitol
January 2024
Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
With climate and land use changes, tick-borne pathogens are expected to become more widely distributed in Canada. Pathogen spread and transmission in this region is modulated by changes in the abundance and distribution of tick and host populations. Here, we assessed the relationships between pathogens detected in and mammal hosts at sites of different levels of disease risk using data from summer field surveys in Ontario and Quebec, Canada.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Clinical Laboratory and Internal Medicine, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Background And Purpose: Clinical manifestations of Lyme borreliosis (LB), caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl), include erythema migrans, Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB), carditis, and arthritis. LB is a notifiable disease in Japan with <30 surveillance-reported LB cases annually, predominately from Hokkaido Prefecture. However, LB, including LNB, may be under-diagnosed in Japan since diagnostic tests are not readily available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunol Methods
January 2025
School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, AB24 2TZ Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom.
A novel panel of peptide for serological identification of Borrelia burgdoferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii and Borrelia afzelii was developed and assessed in this study. The diagnostic algorithm of the novel test was initially trained testing 10 US human sera including 3 early-stage and 3 late-stage Lyme disease positive sera, 2 sera positive for Babesia and 2 sera positive for Syphilis, all purchased from a private biorepository. Findings were then corroborated testing (a) 33 additional EU follow-up positive sera from seroconverted patients bitten by ticks that tested positive for B.
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