Background: Endocardial pacemaker lead placement can be challenging after Mustard and Senning operations for transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA), if there is atresia of the systemic venous pathways and because the coronary sinus cannot be used for cardiac resynchronization therapy. Radiofrequency (RF)-assisted perforation techniques have been used in congenital heart disease but have not been reported for use in pacemaker implantation.
Methods And Results: We describe RF perforation of an atretic superior systemic venous pathway and systemic venous baffles in three patients after Senning and Mustard operations to implant endocardial pacing systems to achieve conventional or biventricular pacing.
Conclusions: RF-energy-assisted perforation is feasible and effective tool to facilitate endocardial lead placement during dual-chamber and biventricular pacemaker implantation in patients with Mustard or Senning operations for D-TGA.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.2009.02453.x | DOI Listing |
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