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Basic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
The UC Irvine Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (UCI MIND), Irvine, CA, USA.
Background: Brain deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ), one of the hallmark pathologies of Alzheimer disease (AD), are consistently present in people with Down syndrome (DS) after the age of 30 years. Positron emission tomography (PET) radioligands like [3H]Pittsburgh Compound-B (PiB) allow for visualizing Aβ accumulation in living people. In DS, the earliest and strongest PiB-PET retention is in the striatum, differing from late-onset AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Manifestations.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Background: Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) is a condition characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in older adults without dementia, serving as a precursor to various forms of dementia. This study explores the association between NPS and functional connectivity (FC) within the default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), and salience network (SN) across three high-risk cohorts: mild cognitive impairment (due to Alzheimer's) (MCI, n = 79), cerebrovascular disease (CVD, n = 144), and Parkinson's disease (PD, n = 132).
Method: A total of 367 participants were recruited from the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative (ONDRI).
From automated Raman to cost-effective nanoparticle-on-film (NPoF) SERS spectroscopy: A combined approach for assessing micro- and nanoplastics released into the oral cavity from chewing gum.
J Hazard Mater
December 2024
Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom; Material and Advanced Technologies for Healthcare, Queen's University of Belfast, 18-30 Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Microplastics (MPs) and Nanoplastics (NPs), a burgeoning health hazard, often go unnoticed due to suboptimal analytical tools, making their way inside our bodies through various means. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS), although is utilized in detecting NPs, challenges arise at low concentrations due to their low Raman cross section and inability to situate within hotspots owing to their ubiquitous size and shape. This study presents an innovative and cost-effective approach employing household metallic foils (aluminium and copper) as nanoparticle-on-film (NPoF) substrates for targeting such analytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural substrates underlying distinct dual cognitive syndromes in Parkinson's disease.
Eur J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Background: A dual-syndrome hypothesis, which states the cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) are attributable to frontostriatal dopaminergic dysregulation and cortical disturbance-each associated with attention/executive and memory/visuospatial dysfunction, respectively-has been widely accepted. This multisystem contribution also underlies highly heterogeneous progression rate to dementia.
Methods: Nondemented PD patients who underwent [I]N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane ([I]FP-CIT) SPECT and neuropsychological examinations were enrolled.
Pharmacogenetic Variations in Arab Populations: Clinical Implications for Personalized Drug Therapy.
Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol
December 2024
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Previous genetic studies on the genetic makeup of Arab populations highlight the diversity resulting from the distribution of specific genetic markers among various Arab descendant populations. Different genetic variants classified as clinically significant have been identified, impacting the response to administered drugs. Absorption, distribution, and excretion of drugs throughout the human body are managed through the actions of drug transporters and receptor proteins, which are expressed on the cellular membrane.
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