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The objective of the present study was to survey epidemiology of oto- and rhinosinusogenic intracranial complications that are currently diagnosed at the territory of the Russian Federation. The work was based on the analysis of the official statistical reports together with the data obtained from the chief specialists responsible for the otorhinolaryngological services in 32 subjects of the Russian Federation during the period from 2009 to 2014. It was shown that the state of the otorhinolaryngological service in the period covered by the study was characterized by the reduction in the number of beds available for the patients presenting with ENT pathology by 14.

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We have analysed case histories of children with rhinosinusogenic intracranial complications admitted to the ENT department of the Krasnodar regional pediatric hospital for a decade (1994-2003). Of 44 patients, 10 had subdural empyema manifesting primarily with such early symptoms as severe headache (n=5), mental disorders (n=10), fever (9), focal neurological symptoms (n=10). Systemic inflammatory response syndrome occurred in all the children.

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The authors present examination and surgical data on 78 patients with different forms of orbital rhinosinusogenic complication. One of the major factors for the course and therapeutic policy in such complications is pre- or postseptal location of the process in the orbit. Such local signs as exophthalmos, chemosis, dislocation, reduced motility of the eye ball and, later on, sight disorders indicate the lesion focus location behind the orbital septum.

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The examination and treatment of 66 patients with rhinosinusogenic cerebral arachnoiditis (RCA) were performed using otorhinolaryngological and neurological tests with special emphasis on pneumoencephalography to provide objective assessment of the brain layers and ventricles. It is shown that RCA occurs most frequently in subjects suffering from chronic purulent axillary sinusitis or recurrent polysinusitis. RCA manifestations depend on the duration of rhinosinusitis and its recurrence rate.

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