Behavioral disinhibition is a manifestation of impulsive behavior that is prominent in the psychopathology of various psychiatric disorders such as addiction, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, mania, and personality disorders. Impulsivity may be studied by measuring anticipatory responses made before the presentation of a food-predictive, brief light stimulus in a two-choice serial reaction time task. In such serial reaction time tasks, amphetamine has been shown to produce dose-dependent increases in premature responding in a manner dependent on dopamine D(2)-like receptor stimulation. So far, it is unknown whether it is the D(2) or D(3) receptor that is involved in this form of impulsivity. In this study, rats were trained in a two-choice serial reaction time task until baseline performance was stable. Next, effects of the dopamine D(2) preferring antagonist L-741,626 and selective D(3) antagonist SB-277011 were assessed alone and in the presence of amphetamine. Neither L-741,626 nor SB-277011 affected behavioral inhibition, although the latter significantly increased reaction time at 10 mg/kg. Amphetamine dose-dependently increased impulsivity. The effect of amphetamine was attenuated by L-741,626 (3 mg/kg), whereas SB-277011 (3 mg/kg) had no effect. Therefore, amphetamine-induced behavioral disinhibition depends on D(2), but not D(3), receptor stimulation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0b013e3283305e3b | DOI Listing |
JMIR Public Health Surveill
January 2025
Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Loredan 18, Padova, Italy, 39 049 8275384.
Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic has affected populations around the world, there has been substantial interest in wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) as a tool to monitor the spread of SARS-CoV-2. This study investigates the use of WBE to anticipate COVID-19 trends by analyzing the correlation between viral RNA concentrations in wastewater and reported COVID-19 cases in the Veneto region of Italy.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) control chart method in detecting changes in SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in wastewater and its potential as an early warning system for COVID-19 outbreaks.
Trends Hear
January 2025
Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
This study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure aspects of the speech discrimination ability of sleeping infants. We examined the morphology of the fNIRS response to three different speech contrasts, namely "Tea/Ba," "Bee/Ba," and "Ga/Ba." Sixteen infants aged between 3 and 13 months old were included in this study and their fNIRS data were recorded during natural sleep.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Oncol
January 2025
Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Introduction: Oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSVs) are a type of biotherapeutic utilized in cancer therapy due to their ability to selectively infect and destroy tumor cells without harming healthy cells. We sought to investigate the functional genomic response and altered metabolic pathways of human cancer cells to oHSV-1 infection and to elucidate the influence of these responses on the relationship between the virus and the cancer cells.
Methods: Two datasets containing gene expression profiles of tumor cells infected with oHSV-1 (G207) and non-infected cells from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were processed and normalized using the R software.
NMC Case Rep J
December 2024
Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Chiba, Japan.
Ganglioglioma, a glioneuronal neoplasm, typically presents in adolescents' temporal lobes. While pediatric brainstem gangliogliomas (BSGGs) are well documented, adult BSGGs are limited, resulting in a lack of comprehensive understanding of their pathophysiology and prognosis. A 41-year-old woman who presented with dizziness and numbness in her right upper extremity and right face underwent radiological examination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
January 2025
The First Department of Specialty Medicine, Inner Mongolia Corps Hospital of The Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Hohhot, China.
Introduction: Eculizumab is a C5 complement inhibitor approved by the FDA for the targeted treatment of four rare diseases, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G-positive optic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (AQP4-IgG+NMOSD). The current study was conducted to assess real-world adverse events (AEs) associated with eculizumab through data mining of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
Methods: Disproportionality analyses, including Reporting Ratio Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-Item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS) algorithms were used to quantify the signals of eculizumab-associated AEs.
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