This study was designed to evaluate the role of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosis of skeletal tuberculosis (TB). In this retrospective study, 20 cases were retrieved over a 10-year period in which a cytologic diagnosis of osseous TB was rendered. The aspirations were performed with a 22-gauge needle attached on a 20-ml syringe after taking into consideration the radiological findings. The cytologic findings were subdivided into the following categories--epithelioid cell granulomas with necrosis, epithelioid cell granulomas without necrosis, and necrosis only. These cases were either with or without AFB positivity. The smears showed epithelioid cell granulomas in 23 cases (85.2%), multinucleate and Langhans' giant cells in 15 cases (55.6%), and inflammatory cells were noted in the background in 15 cases (55.6%). AFB was positive in six cases (22.7%). FNA provides a simple and safe outpatient procedure for the diagnosis of osseous TB and obviates the need of an open biopsy.
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Am J Dermatopathol
February 2025
Bioptic Laboratory, Ltd, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
Syphilis, known as "the great mimicker," is caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum and is characterized by a diverse array of clinical and histopathologic presentations. In secondary cutaneous syphilis, the most consistent morphological features include a superficial and deep perivascular infiltrate containing plasma cells, varying degrees of endothelial swelling, irregular acanthosis, elongation of rete ridges, a vacuolated pattern, and the presence of plasma cells. Although serologic tests are essential for definitive diagnosis, spirochetes can sometimes be directly identified in silver-stained tissue slides or through immunohistochemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian Dermatol Online J
December 2024
Department of Clinical Research, CUTIS Academy of Cutaneous Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Background: Laser therapy has emerged as an innovative approach for managing various nail conditions, offering precise targeting, minimal invasiveness, and favorable safety profiles. This review analyzes the literature on laser therapy for nail indications, encompassing onychomycosis, nail psoriasis, nail warts, ingrown toenails, onychodystrophy, nail pigmentation disorders, and nail tumors.
Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify articles on laser therapy using specific key terms related to nail conditions (e.
Pol J Pathol
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma (MCAH) is a rare benign cutaneous entity. It classically presents as slowly progressive erythematous to violaceous papules on the distal extremities of middle-aged or elderly women. The entity may clinically resemble granuloma annulare, lichen planus, and several cutaneous vascular proliferations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiscov Immunol
December 2024
Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Medicine, Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma-shi, Nara, Japan.
Introduction: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a negative regulator of immune responses. Upon deletion of PD-1 in mice, symptoms of autoimmunity developed only after they got old. In a model experiment in cancer immunotherapy, PD-1 was shown to prevent cytotoxic T lymphocytes from attacking cancer cells that expressed neoantigens derived from genome mutations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Pathol
January 2025
Rutgers Cancer Institute, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC; marketed as Surgicel® and Tabotamp®) is routinely used as an intraoperative hemostatic agent. Rarely, residual ORC has been associated with a foreign body reaction generating cystic or granulomatous lesions (i.e.
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