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A comparison of CXR-CAD software to radiologists in identifying COVID-19 in individuals evaluated for Sars CoV-2 infection in Malawi and Zambia.
PLOS Digit Health
January 2025
FIND, Geneva, Switzerland.
AI based software, including computer aided detection software for chest radiographs (CXR-CAD), was developed during the pandemic to improve COVID-19 case finding and triage. In high burden TB countries, the use of highly portable CXR and computer aided detection software has been adopted more broadly to improve the screening and triage of individuals for TB, but there is little evidence in these settings regarding COVID-19 CAD performance. We performed a multicenter, retrospective cross-over study evaluating CXRs from individuals at risk for COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiology-informed regularisation enables training of universal differential equation systems for biological applications.
PLoS Comput Biol
January 2025
Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
Systems biology tackles the challenge of understanding the high complexity in the internal regulation of homeostasis in the human body through mathematical modelling. These models can aid in the discovery of disease mechanisms and potential drug targets. However, on one hand the development and validation of knowledge-based mechanistic models is time-consuming and does not scale well with increasing features in medical data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAberrant DNA methylation of EDNRB, MGMT and TIMP3 gene promoters in saliva of head and neck carcinoma patients as a diagnostic tool.
Mol Biol Rep
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342005, India.
Background: Differential DNA methylation in the promoter region of tumour suppressor genes leads to gene function silencing.
Materials And Methods: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the salivary promoter methylation of EDNRB, MGMT and TIMP3 genes in H&NC patients (n = 100), premalignant lesions patients (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 50). Blood and saliva samples were collected from all three groups and 20 concomitant tumour tissues were collected from the H&NC patients.
Metanephric stromal tumor as a rare differential diagnosis of a renal mass in children - a case report.
Pediatr Radiol
January 2025
Pediatric Radiology, Kinderradiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.
This report presents the case of a benign metanephric stromal tumor that occurred in the kidney of a 5-year-old boy and in which differentiation from a nephroblastoma was successful. Radiological assessment played the decisive role in this case, as the low initial volume, a high apparent diffusion coefficient, and lack of rapid tumor growth were considered atypical for a nephroblastoma. The boy underwent successful kidney-preserving resection without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination helped to accurately define the tumor margins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMistaken for migraine: Coccidioidal meningitis.
JAAPA
February 2025
At the time this article was written, Anna Morgan was a student in the PA program at the University of North Texas Health Science Center (UNT HSC) in Fort Worth, Tex. She now practices in urgent care at Dignity Health-Mercy Medical Group in Sacramento, Calif. Stephen James Hoyt is a hospitalist at the John Peter Smith Hospital in Fort Worth. Jamie Park practices in emergency medicine and is an assistant professor in the PA program at UNT HSC. Vic Holmes is an associate professor in the PA program at UNT HSC, specializes in the field of family medicine, and is chair of the North Texas Regional Institutional Review Board. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
The incidence of coccidioidomycosis has been rising in the past decade. This case report focuses on a man with a history of persistent migraine who presented to the ED with altered mental status. After cerebrospinal fluid testing, the patient was diagnosed with coccidioidal meningitis and treated with lifelong antifungal therapy.
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