Background: Radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck often results in damage to the vocal folds (VF) and surrounding structures. Characterization and treatment of these sequelae is limited, likely due to the lack of experimental models.
Methods: Larynges from rats exposed to 2 fractionation schedules (40 Gy total) were analyzed histologically. In vitro, reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis, and transcription of select genes associated with ROS, inflammation, and fibrosis were examined in VF fibroblasts after single-dose radiation.
Results: Although radiation-induced histologic alterations are made to VF architecture, 1 fractionation schedule was accompanied by significant morbidity and mortality. In vitro, radiation increased ROS synthesis and inflammatory and profibrotic gene expression.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that hyperfractionated RT is more tolerable. Utilizing this model, RT-induced histologic aberrations are made to the VF mucosa. In addition, a relationship between radiation, ROS, and inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression was observed in vitro.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.21212 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Building an Easy-to-Assemble, Low-Cost Phonomicrosurgery Dissection Model: A Technical Report From the University of Cartagena.
Cureus
December 2024
Otolaryngology, Universidad De Cartagena, Cartagena, COL.
In otolaryngology, training often involves simulation in animal specimens, human cadavers, and artificial models to facilitate learning surgical procedures, reducing the time needed to acquire essential skills. Simulated training has become integral to medical education, particularly in microsurgical techniques, such as microlaryngeal surgery. These procedures, also known as phonomicrosurgery, are performed on the vocal folds using microscopic visualization and precision instruments with long shafts and millimetric tips.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk of Biopsy and Surgical Treatment of Subglottic Paragangliomas: A Case Report.
Clin Case Rep
January 2025
Ear, Nose and Throat Centre, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital Urumqi Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region China.
This report describes a rare case of a paraganglioma occurring beneath the vocal folds. During the preoperative biopsy, we encountered significant hemorrhage, forcing us to stop the procedure and preventing us from obtaining a definitive diagnosis. Despite these challenges, the eventual surgery had a good outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVideo analysis of neonatal intubations using video laryngoscopy: a prospective comparison of clinical practice with resuscitation guidelines.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed
January 2025
Department of Neonatology, The National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Background: The Neonatal Resuscitation Program recommends direct laryngoscopy (DL) as the primary method for neonatal intubation. Video laryngoscopy (VL) is suggested as an option, particularly for training novice operators or for intubating infants with difficult airways. The programme outlines specific steps for intubation, including managing the external environment and techniques for visualising key anatomical landmarks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRemimazolam for Sedation and Trachospray for Topicalization During Flexible Nasal Intubation in a Spontaneously Breathing Patient.
Cureus
January 2025
Anesthesiology and Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, NLD.
When a difficult airway is anticipated, awake tracheal intubation can be considered. Usually, low doses of sedatives are administered during this procedure for minimal sedation and anxiolysis, such as midazolam and remifentanil. The newly developed ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine remimazolam has a pharmacokinetic profile that is more suitable for titration during awake tracheal intubation than the long-acting midazolam.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional Characteristics of the Crosstalk Between Vocal Fold Fibroblasts and Macrophages-The Role of Vibration in Vocal Fold Inflammation.
J Voice
January 2025
Division of Phoniatrics, ENT University Hospital Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored how human vocal fold fibroblasts (hVFF) interact with macrophages in the presence of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and vibration, focusing on vocal fold inflammation.
- Researchers cultured hVFF with CSE, applying either static or dynamic conditions, and then measured various mRNA and protein levels to assess inflammation.
- Findings revealed that vibration may reduce CSE-induced inflammatory responses in hVFF, suggesting potential mechanisms to address voice disorders linked to smoking-related inflammation.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!