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STI pathogens in the oropharynx: update on screening and treatment.
Curr Opin Infect Dis
February 2024
Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Purpose Of Review: The rise in antimicrobial resistance in several STI pathogens such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae has become a public health threat as only one first-line treatment remains. Reducing screening interval for gonorrhoea and chlamydia in high-prevalence populations has been proposed to address antimicrobial stewardship, but this remains controversial. This review aimed to revisit the epidemiology of infections at the oropharynx and review the current screening recommendations and treatment guidelines in different populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of azithromycin on sputum inflammatory markers in bronchiectasis.
BMC Pulm Med
April 2023
Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Northwest Clinics, Wilhelminalaan 12, 1812 JD, Alkmaar, The Netherlands.
Background: Long term macrolide treatment has been found beneficial in bronchiectasis (BE) -pathogical bronchial dilatation- possibly due to a combined anti-bacterial and immunomodulatory effect. The exact mechanism of inflammatory response is unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of maintenance macrolide treatment on the inflammatory response in BE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroscopic and submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infection, maternal anaemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Papua New Guinea: a cohort study.
Malar J
September 2019
Department of Medicine, (RMH), Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
Background: Infection during pregnancy with Plasmodium falciparum is associated with maternal anaemia and adverse birth outcomes including low birth weight (LBW). Studies using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques indicate that at least half of all infections in maternal venous blood are missed by light microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests. The impact of these subpatent infections on maternal and birth outcomes remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract complaints in Malta: a 1 year repeated cross-sectional surveillance study.
J Antimicrob Chemother
April 2019
Department of Public Health Sciences, Global Health - Health Systems and Policy (HSP): Improving Use of Medicines, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, Stockholm, Sweden.
Objectives: To determine the 1 year antibiotic prescribing patterns by GPs for acute respiratory tract complaints (aRTCs) in Malta.
Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional surveillance study, GPs collected data for patients seen for aRTCs during a designated 1 week period each month, between May 2015 and April 2016. GPs received three text reminders during surveillance weeks and were contacted by phone at most four times during the year.
Azithromycin versus placebo for the treatment of HIV-associated chronic lung disease in children and adolescents (BREATHE trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
Trials
December 2017
Biomedical Research and Training Institute, 10 Seagrave Road, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related chronic lung disease (CLD) among children is associated with substantial morbidity, despite antiretroviral therapy. This may be a consequence of repeated respiratory tract infections and/or dysregulated immune activation that accompanies HIV infection. Macrolides have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, and we hypothesised that azithromycin would reduce decline in lung function and morbidity through preventing respiratory tract infections and controlling systemic inflammation.
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