AI Article Synopsis
- The chapter discusses how fibrous scar lesions in the central nervous system hinder the regeneration of axons after injury, detailing their structure and the molecular components that inhibit growth.
- It highlights the different responses of various fiber tracts, such as rubrospinal and corticospinal tracts, to these fibrous scars, along with the impact on neurochemical systems like serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways.
- The text outlines potential therapies to reduce fibrous scarring, particularly focusing on a treatment that uses iron chelators and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) to inhibit collagen production, which can enhance axon growth and improve recovery outcomes.
Article Abstract
This chapter focuses on the role of the fibrous lesion scar as a major impediment for axonal regeneration in the injured central nervous system (CNS). We describe the appearance and complementary distribution of the glial and fibrous scar components in spinal cord lesions focusing on the morphology as well as on axon growth inhibitory molecular components accumulating in the collagenous and basement membrane-rich fibrous scar. We further report on the differential responses to fibrous scar of distinct fiber tracts in the injured spinal cord including the rubrospinal and corticospinal tracts as well as serotonergic, dopaminergic, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) systems. Finally, we discuss therapeutic strategies to suppress fibrous scarring in traumatic CNS injury with particular emphasis on a unique pharmacological treatment using iron chelators and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) to inhibit collagen biosynthesis. The latter treatment has been shown to promote long-distance axon growth, retrograde protection of injured neurons, and significant functional improvement.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17518-0 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
An Interesting Case of Acute Transverse Myelitis Secondary to Hepatitis C and Tricuspid Valve Endocarditis: A Case Report.
Cureus
December 2024
General Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University), Pune, IND.
Article Synopsis
- Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a serious neurological disorder involving spinal cord inflammation, leading to sensory, motor, and autonomic issues.
- A 29-year-old woman experienced severe lower limb weakness, urinary issues, and sensory loss, with MRI confirming ATM and HCV infection present in her blood.
- The case underscores the need for awareness of ATM as a possible complication of hepatitis C, especially when there is infective endocarditis (IE) involved, as confirmed by blood cultures showing bacteria linked to IE.
Epidemiology of watersport related traumatic spinal cord injuries in New Zealand (2007-2021).
ANZ J Surg
January 2025
Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
Background: To investigate the incidence, demographic characteristics, etiologies, surgical interventions, hospital stays, and neurologic outcomes associated with watersport-related traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCI) in New Zealand.
Methods: Retrospective study collected data from New Zealand's two spinal rehabilitation units, the Auckland Spinal Rehabilitation Unit (ASRU) and the Burwood Spinal Unit (BSU). It included adults aged over 16 years, between January 2007 and December 2021 with new TSCI secondary to traumatic watersport activities.
Protective Effects of Heat-Killed Lactobacilli against Plasma-Induced Neurotoxicity in Multiple Sclerosis.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins
January 2025
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Heat-killed lactobacilli seem to have protective effects against oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant properties of specific heat-killed lactobacilli extracts and determine their neuroprotective effects against the neurotoxicity induced by blood plasma from people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The antioxidant activity of the three heat-killed lactobacilli was measured using the DPPH assay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpinal cord gray matter atrophy is associated with disability in spinal muscular atrophy.
J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Background: With the approval of disease-modifying treatments for 5q-spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), there is an increasing need for biomarkers for disease course and therapeutic response monitoring. Radially sampled Averaged Magnetization Inversion Recovery Acquisitions (rAMIRA) MR-imaging enables spinal cord (SC) gray matter (GM) delineation and quantification in vivo. This study aims to assess SC GM atrophy in patients with 5q-SMA and its associations with clinical disability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute hypoalgesic and neurophysiological responses to lower-limb ischaemic preconditioning.
Exp Brain Res
January 2025
Faculty of Sport, Technology and Health Sciences, St. Mary's University, Twickenham, Middlesex, UK.
The aim of this study was to assess if ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) can reduce pain perception and enhance corticospinal excitability during voluntary contractions. In a randomised, within-subject design, healthy participants took part in three experimental visits after a familiarisation session. Measures of pressure pain threshold (PPT), maximum voluntary isometric force, voluntary activation, resting twitch force, corticospinal excitability and corticospinal inhibition were performed before and ≥10 min after either, unilateral IPC on the right leg (3 × 5 min); a sham protocol (3 × 1 min); or a control (no occlusion).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!