Background: Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in the general population, but little is known about the effects in individuals at high risk of diabetes.
Objectives: The objectives were to determine associations between alcohol consumption and diabetes risk factors and whether alcohol consumption was a predictor of incident diabetes in individuals enrolled in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP).
Design: DPP participants (n = 3175) had impaired glucose tolerance (2-h glucose: 7.8-11.1 mmol/L), elevated fasting glucose (5.3-7.0 mmol/L), and a body mass index (in kg/m(2)) > or =24. Participants were randomly assigned to placebo, metformin, or lifestyle modification and were followed for a mean of 3.2 y. Alcohol intake was assessed at baseline and year 1 by using a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Diabetes was diagnosed by annual oral-glucose-tolerance testing and semiannual fasting plasma glucose measurement.
Results: Participants who reported higher alcohol consumption tended to be male, older, white, and less obese and to have a higher calorie intake and a higher HDL-cholesterol concentration. Higher alcohol consumption was associated with lower insulin secretion at any level of insulin sensitivity. We found lower incidence rates of diabetes with higher alcohol consumption in the metformin (P < 0.01 for trend) and lifestyle modification (P = 0.02 for trend) groups, which remained significant after adjustment for multiple baseline covariates. No similar association was observed in the placebo group.
Conclusions: Despite overall low rates of alcohol consumption, there was a reduced risk of incident diabetes in those who reported modest daily alcohol intake and were assigned to metformin or lifestyle modification. Moderate daily alcohol intake is associated with lower insulin secretion-an effect that warrants further investigation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00038727.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2728644 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.27382 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Unhealthy behaviours associated with uncontrolled hypertension among adults in India- Insights from a national survey.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are governed by a cluster of unhealthy behaviours and their determinants, like tobacco and alcohol, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, overweight and obesity, pollution (air, water, and soil), and stress. Regulation of these unhealthy behaviours plays a crucial role in blood pressure control among individuals on hypertensive treatment, especially those suffering from uncontrolled hypertension. Hence, the present study aims at identifying the unhealthy behaviours associated with uncontrolled hypertension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Overview of In Vitro Models of Alcohol-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Cancer Med
January 2025
GRAP INSERM U1247, Curs, Université Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
Background: Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption is the leading cause of death due to chronic liver disease. Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) encompasses a broad spectrum of clinical and pathological features, ranging from asymptomatic and reversible pathologies to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a highly prevalent and deadly liver cancer. Indeed, alcohol consumption is one of the main worldwide etiologies of HCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferences in mortality risk by levels of physical activity among persons with disabilities in South Korea.
Open Med (Wars)
December 2024
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
Aim: The World Health Organization's recommendation of at least 150 min of physical activity per week is important for increasing the lifespan of persons with disabilities (PWDs).
Methods: Conduct a survival analysis to examine the relationship between physical activity and mortality using cohort data from the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea from 2017 to 2021. The survival analysis included 259,146 PWDs, with a maximum follow-up of 57 months, and adjustments for covariates, including physical activity level, comorbidities, smoking, and alcohol consumption.
Prevalence and Mitigation of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among the Corporate Workforce in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Cureus
December 2024
Acute Medicine, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend on Sea, GBR.
Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Corporate workplaces have been identified as important environmental factors that can increase the risk and severity of CVDs. Evidence indicates that the risk and severity of CVDs can be effectively reduced by mitigating modifiable behavioural and intermediate risk factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA systematic review on risk factors and reasons for e-cigarette use in adolescents.
Tob Induc Dis
January 2025
Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain.
Introduction: The aim was to establish EC use risk and protective factors, the reasons for use, associations with tobacco and other substance use, and use for smoking cessation.
Methods: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024532771). Searches in Web of Science and PubMed/MEDLINE (March-April 2024) used terms like 'electronic cigarette' and 'adolescents' with a PICO framework.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!