Aim: Efficacy of modern fluoroquinolones for urgent prophylaxis and treatment of experimental glanders was studied. In experiments on laboratory animals in vivo, it was shown that sparfloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin were highly effective for urgent prophylaxis and treatment of glanders.
Materials And Methods: Golden hamsters of both sexes, with weight 80 - 100 g, were inoculated with 100 LD50 of 48-hour agar culture of Burkholderia mallei (strain ts-5). Commercial preparations of 2 - 4th generations of fluoroquinolones: sparfloxacin (Sparflo, India), gemifloxacin (Faktiv, Russia), moxifloxacin (Avelox, Germany), pefloxacin (Abactal, Slovenia), levofloxacin (Eleflox, India), lomefloxacin (Lomeflox, India), ofloxacin (Russia). Urgent prophylaxis started 3 hours after inoculation with duration of 10 days, whereas treatment started 24 hours after inoculation with duration of 15 days. Daily dose of pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, of loxacin was divided on 2 parts, which were administered with 12-hour interval; other drugswere administered once a day.
Results: All studied drugs, excluding lomefloxacin, were highly effective for urgent prophylaxis and treatment of experimental glanders and provided 80 - 100% protection.
Conclusion: Third-fourth generations of fluoroquinolones: sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin were highly effective against agent of glanders in in vivo experiments. They are promising drugs for the development of schemes for urgent prophylaxis and treatment of glanders in humans.
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