Using a broadband through-transmission technique, the attenuation coefficient and phase velocity spectra have been measured for a set of multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-nylon composites (from pure nylon to 20% MWCNT by weight) in the ultrasonic frequency band from 4 to 14 MHz. The samples were found to be effectively homogeneous on spatial scales from the low end of ultrasonic wavelengths investigated and up (>0.2 mm). Using Kramers-Kronig relations, the attenuation and dispersion data were found to be consistent with a power-law attenuation model with a range of exponents from y=1.12 to y=1.19 over the measurement bandwidth. The attenuation coefficients of the respective samples are found to decrease with increasing MWCNT content and a similar trend holds also for the dispersion. In contrast, the mean phase velocities for the samples rise with increasing MWCNT content indicating an increase in the mechanical moduli.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3125323 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands.
Laboratory experiments were performed to investigate the attenuation of progressive deep-water waves by a mono-layer of loose- and close-packed floating spheres. We measured the decay distance of waves having different incident wave frequency and steepness. The attenuation of waves was strong if the surface concentration of particles was close-packed, with the decay distance being shorter for incident waves with higher frequency and steepness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Peloponnese, Acadimaikou G.K. Vlachou, 22100 Tripolis, Greece.
The urgent need for timely and accurate precipitation estimations in the face of ongoing climate change and the increasing frequency and/or intensity of extreme weather events underscores the necessity for innovative approaches. Recently, several studies have focused on estimating the precipitation rate through induced attenuation of radio frequency (RF) signals, which are abundant in modern communication systems. Most research has concentrated on frequencies exceeding 10 GHz, as attenuation at lower frequencies is minimal, posing measurement challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Funct Mater
October 2024
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Traditional deep fluorescence imaging has primarily focused on red-shifting imaging wavelengths into the near-infrared (NIR) windows or implementation of multi-photon excitation approaches. Here, we combine the advantages of NIR and multiphoton imaging by developing a dual-infrared two-photon microscope to enable high-resolution deep imaging in biological tissues. We first computationally identify that photon absorption, as opposed to scattering, is the primary contributor to signal attenuation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
September 2024
L. D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Semenova 1-a, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia.
We develop the microscopic theory for the attenuation of out-of-plane phonons in stressed flexible two-dimensional crystalline materials. We demonstrate that the presence of nonzero tension strongly reduces the relative magnitude of the attenuation and, consequently, results in parametrical narrowing of the phonon spectral line due to stress-controlled suppression of the retardation effects in the dynamically screened inter phonon interaction. We predict the specific power-law dependence of the spectral-line width on temperature and tension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
September 2024
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
The biological pump supplies carbon to the oceans' interior, driving long-term carbon sequestration and providing energy for deep-sea ecosystems. Its efficiency is set by transformations of newly formed particles in the euphotic zone, followed by vertical flux attenuation via mesopelagic processes. Depth attenuation of the particulate organic carbon (POC) flux is modulated by multiple processes involving zooplankton and/or microbes.
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