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Micromorphological features of brown rotted wood revealed by broad argon ion beam milling.
Sci Rep
December 2024
United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
Brown rot fungi, the major decomposers in the boreal coniferous forests, cause a unique wood decay pattern but many aspects of brown rot decay mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, decayed wood samples were prepared by cultivation of the brown rot fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum and Coniophora puteana on Japanese coniferous wood of Cryptomeria japonica, and the cutting planes were prepared using broad ion beam (BIB) milling, which enables observation of intact wood, in addition to traditional microtome sections. Samples were observed using field-emission SEM revealing that areas inside the end walls of ray parenchyma cells were the first to be degraded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResponses to and detoxification of esculin in white-rot fungi.
Fungal Biol
December 2024
Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000, Nancy, France. Electronic address:
Plant metabolites have a great potential for limiting the spread of harmful fungi. However, a better understanding of the mode-of-action of these molecules and the defense systems developed by fungi to resist them, is needed to assess the benefits/risks of using them as antifungal treatment. White-rot fungi are excellent models in this respect, as they have adapted to the hostile habitat that is wood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFungal degradation of complex organic carbon supports denitrification in saturated woodchip bioreactors.
Bioresour Technol
February 2025
Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, 439 Borlaug Hall, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Lab, 1479 Gortner Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. Electronic address:
Woodchip bioreactor (WBR) is a promising technology for the removal of nitrate from agricultural drainage, although the performance of WBRs is dependent on the decomposition of lignocellulosic biomass and the carbon availability for microbial denitrification. Fungal species are more efficient than bacterial counterparts in driving wood decomposition; however, little is known about the fungal community structure and functions in saturated WBRs. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of the mycobiome in field-scale, constantly saturated WBRs located in Willmar, Minnesota, USA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNotes on the Ecology and Distribution of Species of the Genera of ( and ) with an Emphasis on .
J Fungi (Basel)
September 2024
Oman Animal and Plant Genetic Resources Center (Mawarid), Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, P.O. Box 515, AlKhoud 123, Oman.
Article Synopsis
- The text discusses a diverse family of macrofungi, primarily wood-decaying fungi, containing about 89 species across various climates and some that act as pathogens for forest trees.
- Phylogenetic analysis using genomic data revealed two major clades of genera within this family, with additional insights about their evolutionary timeline, indicating significant diversification events in the Early Cretaceous and Eocene epochs.
- The study also introduces a new species identified in Oman, detailing its morphological characteristics and genetic relationships, alongside an identification key and discussions on the ecology and distribution of the family’s species.
sp. nov., a potential opportunistic pathogenic yeast species isolated from rotting wood in Brazil.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
September 2024
Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C.P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- A novel yeast species was discovered in rotting wood samples from Brazil's Atlantic and Amazon Rainforests, distinguished from closely related species by specific nucleotide differences.
- Phylogenomic analysis confirmed its uniqueness, revealing a low nucleotide identity with other similar species, leading to the proposal of the name 'sp. nov.' for the new yeast.
- The yeast displays characteristics that may indicate it can be an opportunistic pathogen, as it grows at body temperature and shares genetic material with an uncultured strain found in a crocodile with a systemic infection.
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