We present a multi-Si nanoridge fabrication scheme and its application in nanoimprint lithography (NIL). Triple Si nanoridges approximately 120 nm high and 40 nm wide separated by 40 nm spacing are fabricated and successfully applied as a stamp in nanoimprint lithography. The fabrication scheme, using a full-wet etching procedure in combination with repeated edge lithography, consists of hot H(3)PO(4) acid SiN(x) retraction etching, 20% KOH Si etching, 50% HF SiN(x) retraction etching and LOCal Oxidation of Silicon (LOCOS). Si nanoridges with smooth vertical sidewalls are fabricated by using Si 110 substrates and KOH etching. The presented technology utilizes a conventional photolithography technique, and the fabrication of multi-Si nanoridges on a full wafer scale has been demonstrated.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/20/31/315305 | DOI Listing |
J Clin Med
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Center for Digestive Health, Virginia Mason, Franciscan Health, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Endoscopic management of benign pancreaticobiliary disorders encompasses a range of procedures designed to address complications in gallstone disease, choledocholithiasis, and pancreatic disorders. Acute cholecystitis is typically treated with cholecystectomy or percutaneous drainage (PT-GBD), but for high-risk or future surgical candidates, alternative decompression methods, such as endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage (ETP-GBD), and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD), are effective. PT-GBD is associated with significant discomfort as well as variable adverse event rates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
December 2024
School of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
MEMS acoustic sensors are a type of physical quantity sensor based on MEMS manufacturing technology for detecting sound waves. They utilize various sensitive structures such as thin films, cantilever beams, or cilia to collect acoustic energy, and use certain transduction principles to read out the generated strain, thereby obtaining the targeted acoustic signal's information, such as its intensity, direction, and distribution. Due to their advantages in miniaturization, low power consumption, high precision, high consistency, high repeatability, high reliability, and ease of integration, MEMS acoustic sensors are widely applied in many areas, such as consumer electronics, industrial perception, military equipment, and health monitoring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
January 2025
CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China.
The mechanical effects on carbon-based metal-free catalysts (C-MFCs) have rarely been explored, despite the global interest in C-MFCs as substitutes for noble metal catalysts. Stress is ubiquitous, whereas its dedicated study is severely restricted due to its frequent entanglement with other structural variables, such as dopants, defects, and interfaces in catalysis. Herein, we report a proof-of-concept study by establishing a platform to continuously apply strain to a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) lamina, simultaneously collecting electrochemical signals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Rev Camb Philos Soc
January 2025
Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, Oslo, 0316, Norway.
Boreal forests are important carbon sinks and host a diverse array of species that provide important ecosystem functions. Boreal forests have a long history of intensive forestry, in which even-aged management with clear-cutting has been the dominant harvesting practice for the past 50-80 years. As a second cycle of clear-cutting is emerging, there is an urgent need to examine the effects of repeated clear-cutting events on biodiversity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Genom
January 2025
Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. Electronic address:
Exploratory analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) typically relies on hard clustering over two-dimensional projections like uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP). However, such methods can severely distort the data and have many arbitrary parameter choices. Methods that can model scRNA-seq data as non-discrete "gene expression programs" (GEPs) can better preserve the data's structure, but currently, they are often not scalable, not consistent across repeated runs, and lack an established method for choosing key parameters.
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