A case report of isoniazid-resistant disseminated tuberculosis in a young child perinatally co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and the challenges managing this child in a resource-constrained setting.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) among women and infants during the perinatal period is not rare, particularly in countries with a high TB burden. And the risk would increase significantly following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVFET). Worse still, TB in this stage is apt to develop into severe forms in women and neonates, such as disseminated TB or tuberculous meningitis (TBM).

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on the emergence and evolution of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Tibet, revealing that a significant portion of local strains have developed high-level drug resistance.
  • Analysis of 576 clinical strains showed that 60.1% had at least one drug-resistance mutation, with 40.1% identified as MDR-TB, indicating a serious public health concern.
  • The research underscores the importance of addressing isoniazid resistance, as historical transmission patterns and population growth during the 1970s to 1990s have led to the establishment of large, resistant clusters contributing to the current epidemic in the region.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by . It continues to be one of the most common causes of death in adults across all countries. It is found to be relatively lower in North America.

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