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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235719 | DOI Listing |
Exp Physiol
December 2024
Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
The ability to regulate finger forces is critical for manipulating objects during everyday tasks but is impaired after damage to white matter tracts that transmit motor commands into the spinal cord. This study examines cortico-spinal connectivity required for force control by the digits after neurological injury. We report on a unique case of a stroke survivor who retained the ability to control finger forces at a level comparable to neurologically intact adults despite extensive loss of white matter volume and severely compromised transmission from cortical motor areas onto the final common pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
October 2024
Rehab Neural Engineering Labs, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Cerebral white matter lesions prevent cortico-spinal descending inputs from effectively activating spinal motoneurons, leading to loss of motor control. However, in most cases, the damage to cortico-spinal axons is incomplete offering a potential target for therapies aimed at improving volitional muscle activation. Here we hypothesize that, by engaging direct excitatory connections to cortico-spinal motoneurons, stimulation of the motor thalamus could facilitate activation of surviving cortico-spinal fibers thereby immediately potentiating motor output.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
April 2024
Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
State-dependent non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) informed by electroencephalography (EEG) has contributed to the understanding of NIBS inter-subject and inter-session variability. While these approaches focus on local EEG characteristics, it is acknowledged that the brain exhibits an intrinsic long-range dynamic organization in networks. This proof-of-concept study explores whether EEG connectivity of the primary motor cortex (M1) in the pre-stimulation period aligns with the Motor Network (MN) and how the MN state affects responses to the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of M1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Stimul
December 2023
Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Neurology Unit, Department of Neurological and Vision Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy. Electronic address:
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive disease for which no curative treatment is currently available.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether cortico-spinal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could mitigate symptoms in ALS patients via a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial, followed by an open-label phase.
Methods: Thirty-one participants were randomized into two groups for the initial controlled phase.
Hum Brain Mapp
December 2023
Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Force generation is a crucial element of dexterity and a highly relevant skill of the human motor system. How cerebral and spinal components interact and how spinal activation is associated with the activity in the cerebral primary motor and premotor areas is poorly understood. Here, we conducted combined cortico-spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging during a simple visually guided isometric force generation task in 20 healthy young subjects.
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