Indirect bonding offers a superior method of adhering brackets to teeth, but few orthodontists use it. The neglect of this procedure has many origins, including expense, lack of expertise, and inconsistent results. This paper presents an indirect-bonding method that can be used to expedite bonding appointments and make them more pleasant for patients and clinicians alike.
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Atomistic dynamics of elimination and substitution driven by entrance channel.
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January 2025
Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering on Heavy-Carbon Resources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, People's Republic of China.
E2 elimination and SN2 substitution reactions are of central importance in preparative organic synthesis due to their stereospecificity. Herein, atomistic dynamics of a prototype reaction of ethyl chloride with hydroxide ion are uncovered that show strikingly distinct features from the case with fluoride anion. Chemical dynamics simulations reproduce the experimental reaction rate and reveal that the E2 proceeding through a direct elimination mechanism dominates over SN2 for the hydroxide ion reaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSteroids and steroid-like compounds alter the ion permeability of phospholipid bilayers distinct interactions with lipids and interfacial water.
Phys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia.
Steroids are organic compounds found in all forms of biological life. Besides their structural roles in cell membranes, steroids act as signalling molecules in various physiological processes and are used to treat inflammatory conditions. It has been hypothesised that in addition to their well-characterised genomic and non-genomic pathways, steroids exert their biological or pharmacological activities an indirect, nonreceptor-mediated membrane mechanism caused by steroid-induced changes to the physicochemical properties of cell membranes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeneral synthesis of neighboring dual-atomic sites with a specific pre-designed distance via an interfacial-fixing strategy.
Nat Commun
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Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, P. R. China.
A potential non-precious metal catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction should contain metal-N moieties. However, most of the current strategies to regulate the distances between neighboring metal sites are not pre-designed but depend on the probability by tuning the metal loading or the support. Herein, we report a general method for the synthesis of neighboring metal-N moieties (metal = Fe, Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, and Mn) via an interfacial-fixing strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing the Victim-Perpetrator Overlap in Adolescent Dating Violence in China: A Latent Class Analysis.
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Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, China.
There is a limited understanding of the pathways that lead to victim-perpetrator overlap in adolescent dating violence (ADV) particularly in developing countries such as China. Applying a latent class approach, the present study focuses on whether the overlap can be explained by theoretical constructs grounded in social learning, general strain, and social bonding theories, and whether these constructs relate to underexplored mediating mechanisms or are direct precursors. The study sample consisted of 1,787 dating adolescents (39.
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Psychol Res Behav Manag
December 2024
Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: Negative parenting styles, peer victimization, and mobile phone dependence (MPD) are prevalent public health problems among adolescents. Parenting styles and peer victimization were reported to affect MPD, but their interaction and the mechanism underlying this association still need to be explored. This study aimed to examine how these factors affect MPD in adolescents with depression.
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