A number of new spiro-ansa spermidine derivative cyclotriphosphazenes (2-10) is synthesized in order to provide insight into the reaction mechanism for nucleophilic substitution. The structures of the compounds were determined by elemental analysis, mass (MS), (1)H, (19)F (for 9) and (31)P NMR spectroscopies. Compounds (2-8) and 9, 10 can be formed by a proton abstraction-chloride elimination and both the S(N)(1) and S(N)(2) reaction mechanisms, respectively.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2009.06.010 | DOI Listing |
Antioxidants (Basel)
December 2024
Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
The accumulation of damaged mitochondria has long been considered a hallmark of the aging process. Among various factors, age-related mitochondrial alterations comprise bioenergetic impairments and disturbances in reactive oxygen species (ROS) control, thereby negatively affecting mitochondrial performance and ultimately accelerating aging. Previous studies have revealed that polyamine spermidine appears to exert health-protective and lifespan-promoting effects.
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December 2024
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Research has shown various hydrolyzed proteins possessed beneficial physiological functions; however, the mechanism of how hydrolysates influence metabolism is unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the effects of different sources of protein hydrolysates, being the main dietary protein source in extruded diets, on metabolism in healthy adult dogs. Three complete and balanced extruded canine diets were formulated: control chicken meal diet (CONd), chicken liver and heart hydrolysate diet (CLHd), mechanically separated chicken hydrolysate diet (CHd).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioorg Chem
December 2024
Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Cátedra de Química Orgánica II, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:
This work describes the synthesis and biological evaluation of hitherto unknown N-arylspermidine derivatives 3. Compounds 3 were efficiently prepared from cyclic amidines through a novel synthetic approach comprising alkylation with ω-halonitriles followed by reduction. The cyclic N-arylamidine directs the alkylation to the unsubstituted nitrogen and also provides the N-benzyl group present in the triamine after simultaneous reduction of the resulting quaternary salt 2 and the cyano group.
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December 2024
San Francisco State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco, California 94132, United States.
Spermidine/spermine acetyltransferases (SSATs) and other types of polyamine acetyltransferases (PAATs) acetylate diamines and/or polyamines. These enzymes are evolutionarily related and belong to the Gcn5-related acetyltransferase (GNAT) superfamily, yet we lack a fundamental understanding of their substrate specificity and/or promiscuity toward different compounds. Many of these enzymes are known or are predicted to acetylate polyamines, but in the cell there are other types of compounds that contain moieties derived from polyamines that may be the native substrates for these enzymes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut Microbes
December 2024
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Enteropathogenic (EPEC) is a bacterium that causes attaching/effacing (A/E) lesions and serious diarrheal disease, a major health issue in developing countries. EPEC pathogenicity results from the effect of virulence factors and dysregulation of host responses. Polyamines, including spermidine, play a major role in intestinal homeostasis.
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