[A cross-sectional study on impaired fasting glycaemia and diabetes mellitus in residents from Nangang district, Harbin city].

Objective: To investigate the detection rate of impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG), the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and related risk factors, the current situation on awareness, treatment and the rate of control on diabetes mellitus in residents living in Nangang district of Harbin city, Heilongjiang province.

Methods: A cross-sectional cluster sampling was carried out in residents aged over 35 years, living in Fendou community of Harbin city.

Results: Data from 3017 out of 3183 residents were analyzed. In men, women and overall residents, the detection rates of IFG were 5.38%, 2.44% and 3.75%, respectively. After standardization, the detection rates became 5.41%, 2.18% and 3.59%, respectively. The prevalence rates of DM were 12.40%, 8.46%, 10.21% and 11.80%, 8.20% and 9.77%, before and after standardization. Results showed statistical difference between age, sex and levels of fasting glycaemia. Data from single factor analysis revealed that smoking, BMI, hypertension and high triglyceride were risk factors on the levels of high fasting glycaemia. Results from multivariable stepwise analysis showed that sex, age, BMI, hypertension and high triglyceride were significant factors influencing the levels of high fasting glycaemia with the OR (95% CI) is 1.546 (1.250-1.912), 1.308 (1.171-1.461), 1.038 (1.010-1.066), 1.388 (1.106-1.741) and 1.700 (1.370-2.110), respectively. The rates on awareness, treatment and control in DM were 73.38%, 59.42% and 36.36% respectively. Among those who had knowledge on DM, the rates on treatment and on control were 80.97% and 61.20%.

Conclusion: Our results showed that the prevalence of DM was high in the communities and it is essential to further increase the awareness, treatment and control rates on DM.