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Dextromethorphan inhibits collagen and collagen-like cargo secretion to ameliorate lung fibrosis.
Sci Transl Med
December 2024
Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Excessive deposition of fibrillar collagen in the interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) of human lung tissue causes fibrosis, which can ultimately lead to organ failure. Despite our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease, no cure for pulmonary fibrosis has yet been found. We screened a drug library and found that dextromethorphan (DXM), a cough expectorant, reduced the amount of excess fibrillar collagen deposited in the ECM in cultured primary human lung fibroblasts, a bleomycin mouse model, and a cultured human precision-cut lung slice model of lung fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn RNAi screen of Rab GTPase genes in reveals that somatic cells of the reproductive system depend on for morphogenesis but not stem cell niche maintenance.
bioRxiv
December 2024
Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599.
Membrane trafficking is a crucial function of all cells and is regulated at multiple levels from vesicle formation, packaging, and localization to fusion, exocytosis, and endocytosis. Rab GTPase proteins are core regulators of eukaryotic membrane trafficking, but developmental roles of specific Rab GTPases are less well characterized, potentially because of their essentiality for basic cellular function. gonad development entails the coordination of cell growth, proliferation, and migration-processes in which membrane trafficking is known to be required.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyosin 1b regulates intestinal epithelial morphogenesis via interaction with UNC45A.
Cell Rep
December 2024
Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U934, CNRS UMR3215, 75248 Paris Cedex, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France. Electronic address:
Vesicle trafficking and the establishment of apicobasal polarity are essential processes in epithelial morphogenesis. UNC45A deficiency has been reported in a multi-organ syndrome presenting with severe diarrhea associated with enterocyte polarity defects. Myosin 1b, an actin motor able to bind membranes, regulates membrane shaping and vesicle trafficking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of chemokines in aging and age-related diseases.
Mech Ageing Dev
December 2024
Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India. Electronic address:
Chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) play essential roles in developmental process, immune cell trafficking, inflammation, immunity, angiogenesis, cellular homeostasis, aging, neurodegeneration, and tumorigenesis. Chemokines also modulate response to immunotherapy, and consequently influence the therapeutic outcome. The mechanisms underlying these processes are accomplished by interaction of chemokines with their cognate cell surface G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and subsequent cellular signaling pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotential compensatory mechanisms preserving cardiac function in myotubular myopathy.
Cell Mol Life Sci
December 2024
Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR7104, University of Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, 67404, France.
Article Synopsis
- X-Linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) leads to significant muscle weakness and shorter life expectancy, with unclear impacts from non-muscular issues like liver problems.
- Research using an Mtm1 mouse model involved RNA-sequencing to understand the disease's effects on skeletal muscles and to check heart and liver functions.
- Findings showed skeletal muscle issues related to muscle development and inflammation, while the heart maintained function through compensatory mechanisms, suggesting potential areas for treatment focused on muscle defects in XLMTM.
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