An ABCD formalism is identified to characterize a seeded Free Electron Laser (FEL) with three chirps: an initial frequency chirp in the seed Laser, an energy chirp in the electron bunch, and an intrinsic frequency chirp due to the FEL process. A scheme of generating attosecond few-cycle pulses is proposed by invoking an FEL seeded by high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from an infrared laser. The HHG seed has generic attosecond structure. It is possible to manipulate these three chirps to maintain the attosecond structure via post-undulator chirped pulse compression.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.15.012749 | DOI Listing |
Cogn Sci
November 2024
Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam.
Oncol Res Treat
November 2024
Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Introduction: The trend toward personalized medicine leads to very small study cohorts for clinical trials, which makes it difficult to recruit patients in a single study center. On the other hand, the administrative effort required to initiate a clinical trial is very high. As a result, Germany runs the risk of falling behind other countries as a trial location.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
April 2024
Department of Mathematics, College of Basic Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Numerous recently introduced chaotic systems exhibit straightforward algebraic representations. In this study, we explore the potential for identifying a global analytic first integral in a generalized 3-dimensional chaotic system (2). Our work involves detailing the model of a new 3-D chaotic system characterized by three Lyapunov exponents-positive, zero, and negative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArq Bras Cir Dig
March 2024
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Division, Mexico City, Mexico.
Background: Bile duct injury (BDI) causes significant sequelae for the patient in terms of morbidity, mortality, and long-term quality of life, and should be managed in centers with expertise. Anatomical variants may contribute to a higher risk of BDI during cholecystectomy.
Aims: To report a case of bile duct injury in a patient with situs inversus totalis.
J Org Chem
December 2023
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Batrachotoxin (), originally isolated from a Columbian poison-dart frog, is a steroidal alkaloid. Its 6/6/6/5-membered carbocycle (ABCD-ring) contains two double bonds, one nitrogen, and five oxygen functionalities. We developed a radical-based convergent strategy and realized the total synthesis of in 28 steps.
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