In recent years, Research shows that cluster A of Hox gene family is a group of master genes for proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), which influence on the number of hematopoietic stem cells and the differentiation of HSPCs into erythroid, myeloid, megakaryocytic and lymphocytic lineages, and are closely related with the pathogenesis of leukemia. In this review, the effects of gene Hox on proliferation and differentiation of HSPCs were concerned, while the epigenetics alterations of cluster A in Hox gene family as well as its coexistence with Non-HOX and other fusion genes were also discussed. This made cluster A in Hox gene family plays a regulatory role in pathogenesis of leukemia.
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