In the healthy adult brain, neurogenesis normally occurs in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Cerebral ischemia enhances neurogenesis in neurogenic and non-neurogenic regions of the ischemic brain of adult rodents. This study demonstrated that post-insult treatment with a histone deacetylase inhibitor, sodium butyrate (SB), stimulated the incorporation of bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) in the SVZ, DG, striatum, and frontal cortex in the ischemic brain of rats subjected to permanent cerebral ischemia. SB treatment also increased the number of cells expressing polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule, nestin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, phospho-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in various brain regions after cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, extensive co-localization of BrdU and polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule was observed in multiple regions after ischemia, and SB treatment up-regulated protein levels of BDNF, phospho-CREB, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Intraventricular injection of K252a, a tyrosine kinase B receptor antagonist, markedly reduced SB-induced cell proliferation detected by BrdU and Ki67 in the ipsilateral SVZ, DG, and other brain regions, blocked SB-induced nestin expression and CREB activation, and attenuated the long-lasting behavioral benefits of SB. Together, these results suggest that histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced cell proliferation, migration and differentiation require BDNF-tyrosine kinase B signaling and may contribute to long-term beneficial effects of SB after ischemic injury.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06212.x | DOI Listing |
ACS Biomater Sci Eng
January 2025
Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.
Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathology of hypoxia-ischemia (HI) brain damage by aberrant production of ROS. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) has been demonstrated to exert neuroprotective effects through antioxidant mechanisms. However, the diffusion of HS is not specifically targeted and may even be systemically toxic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Thyroid J
January 2025
F Langhauser, Neurology, University Hospital Essen Department of Neurology, Essen, Germany.
Objective Thyroid hormones (TH) control a variety of processes in the central nervous system and influence its response to different stimuli, such as ischemic stroke. Post-stroke administration of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) has been reported to substantially improve outcomes, but the optimal dosage and time window remain elusive. Methods Stroke was induced in mice by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and T3 was administered at different doses and time points before and after stroke.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Radiol
January 2025
Pediatric Radiology Department, CHRU of Tours, Clocheville Hospital, 49 Boulevard Beranger, 37000, Tours, France.
Background: Cerebral infection with the opportunistic pathogen Bacillus cereus can lead to severe lesions, especially in premature newborns. Early diagnosis would be highly beneficial. The aim of this study was to describe the imaging findings associated with B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Genet
January 2025
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
The genetic relationship between migraine and stroke remains underexplored, particularly in the context of druggable targets. Previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes and a lack of focus on genetic-targeted therapies for these conditions. We analyzed the association and causality between migraine and stroke using multivariable logistic regression in the UK Biobank cohort and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, JPN.
Acute ischemic stroke, a medical emergency caused by reduced cerebral blood flow, results in brain cell damage. While commonly associated with older individuals, strokes can also occur in young and middle-aged adults, posing significant socio-economic and health challenges due to the long-term impact of the condition. This poses significant socio-economic and health challenges because stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality.
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