Loxoscelism is a disease caused by the bite of spiders belonging to Loxosceles genus, represented in our country by L. laeta. It is characterized by necrosis of the skin, accompanied in variable percentage by systemic manifestations that can lead to the death. The objective of this presentation is to report the case of a 6-year-old patient who developed visceral cutaneous loxoscelism with favourable resolution.
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Hemoadsorption in Multiorgan Failure Due to Viscerocutaneous Loxoscelism.
Medicina (Kaunas)
January 2025
Department of Nephrology, Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla, 28047 Madrid, Spain.
: The bite of the Loxosceles spider is a public health problem around the world, mainly in Latin America. The viscerocutaneous presentation is related to the inoculation of toxins (phospholipase-D) that generates a systemic inflammatory reaction with a subsequent increase in cytokines and chemokines. Hemoadsorption is proposed as a therapy that allows for the removal of the toxin and modulation of the inflammatory response in this disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlack Widow Spider Exposures: A Retrospective Review of the National Poison Data System 2012-2022.
Wilderness Environ Med
December 2024
Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA.
Introduction: The black widow spider, , stands out as one of the most medically significant arachnids due to its extensive geographic distribution in the United States and its ability to produce a potent neurotoxin, α-latrotoxin. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of black widow spider exposures by month of exposure, geographic distribution, demographics, symptoms, treatment, and health system resource utilization between 2012 and 2022.
Methods: This was a retrospective observational study using the US National Poison Data System, the data warehouse of the 55 US poison centers.
The poison ivy does not normally occur in Slovakia, like in the Czech Republic, but it can be introduced. The venom of the black widow spider is an effective weapon for capturing prey. It is a mixture of various active substances containing a protein neurotoxin called α-latrotoxin (α-LTX).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInduction of ectosome formation by binding of phospholipases D from Loxosceles venoms to endothelial cell surface: Mechanism of interaction.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids
November 2024
Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81530-900, Brazil. Electronic address:
Members of the phospholipase D (PLD) superfamily found in Loxosceles spider venoms are potent toxins with inflammatory and necrotizing activities. They degrade phospholipids in cell membranes, generating bioactive molecules that activate skin cells. These skin cells, in turn, activate leukocytes involved in dermonecrosis, characterized by aseptic coagulative necrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurgical Management of Acute Forearm Compartment Syndrome Due to Suspected Edematous Cutaneous Loxoscelism.
Am J Case Rep
November 2024
Department of General Surgery and Endoscopy, General Hospital Dra Matilde Petra Montoya Lafragua, Institute of Security and Social Services of State Workers (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico.
BACKGROUND Compartment syndrome of the forearm has been associated with a variety of etiologies, including fractures, snake bites, complications of certain infections, and, very rarely, spider bites. Loxoscelism is the venom-related clinical manifestation of the bite of spiders of the genus Loxosceles, also called brown or fiddler (violinist) spiders. It manifests locally/regionally with pain, erythema, and edema, with subsequent necrotic plaque formation at the site of the bite.
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