Recent advances allow aging-associated changes in B-cell function to be approached at a mechanistic level. Reduced expression of genes crucial to lineage commitment and differentiation yield diminished B-cell production. Moreover, intrinsic differences in the repertoire generated by B-cell precursors in aged individuals, coupled with falling B-cell generation rates and life-long homeostatic competition, result in narrowed clonotypic diversity. Similarly, reductions in gene products crucial for immunoglobulin class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation impact the efficacy of humoral immune responses. Together, these findings set the stage for integrated analyses of how age-related changes at the molecular, cellular and population levels interact to yield the overall aging phenotype.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2766868 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2009.04.005 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
A High-Efficiency Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells.
Anal Chem
December 2024
Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells exhibit significant potential in the assessment of tumor development and immunotherapy. However, there is currently no convenient and efficient method to analyze the quantitative changes of MAIT cells during cancer development and treatment, which has not been extensively studied. Here, we report an electrochemical biosensor designed to efficiently monitor MAIT cells in peripheral blood by simultaneously recognizing Vα7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging through the lens of mitochondrial DNA mutations and inheritance paradoxes.
Biogerontology
December 2024
Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
Mitochondrial DNA encodes essential components of the respiratory chain complexes, serving as the foundation of mitochondrial respiratory function. Mutations in mtDNA primarily impair energy metabolism, exerting far-reaching effects on cellular physiology, particularly in the context of aging. The intrinsic vulnerability of mtDNA is increasingly recognized as a key driver in the initiation of aging and the progression of its related diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-Performance Fluorine-Lean Thin Aromatic Hydrocarbon Membranes Based on Polyvinylidene Fluoride for Hydrogen Fuel Cells.
Membranes (Basel)
December 2024
PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
The impeding ban on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) prompted researchers to focus on hydrocarbon-based materials as constituents of next-generation proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). Here, we report on the fuel cell performance and durability of fluorine-lean PEMs prepared by the post-sulfonation of co-grafted α-methylstyrene (AMS) and 2-methylene glutaronitrile (MGN) monomers into preirradiated 12 µm polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) base film. The membranes were subjected to two distinctly different accelerated stress test (AST) protocols performed at open-circuit voltage (OCV): the US Department of Energy-similar chemical AST (90 °C, 30% relative humidity (RH), H/air, 1 bar), developed originally for perfluoroalkylsulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes, and the high relative humidity AST (80 °C, 100% RH, H/O, 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarshly Oxidized Activated Charcoal Enhances Protein Persulfidation with Implications for Neurodegeneration as Exemplified by Friedreich's Ataxia.
Nanomaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Harsh acid oxidation of activated charcoal transforms an insoluble carbon-rich source into water-soluble, disc structures of graphene decorated with multiple oxygen-containing functionalities. We term these pleiotropic nano-enzymes as "pleozymes". A broad redox potential spans many crucial redox reactions including the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide (HS) to polysulfides and thiosulfate, dismutation of the superoxide radical (O*), and oxidation of NADH to NAD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting Reactive Oxygen Species for Diagnosis of Various Diseases.
J Funct Biomater
December 2024
Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated predominantly during cellular respiration and play a significant role in signaling within the cell and between cells. However, excessive accumulation of ROS can lead to cellular dysfunction, disease progression, and apoptosis that can lead to organ dysfunction. To overcome the short half-life of ROS and the relatively small amount produced, various imaging methods have been developed, using both endogenous and exogenous means to monitor ROS in disease settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!