The combined hexavalent diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated polio Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib) vaccine produces similar hepatitis B responses as the HBV monovalent vaccine. Booster vaccination of immunocompetent individuals primed against hepatitis B in infancy is currently not recommended. We investigated persisting immunity to hepatitis B in 4-6 (Study A; 106745) and 7-9 (Study B; 106744) year-old children primed in infancy and boosted in the second year of life with DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib. Immunity was assessed by measuring persisting anti-HBs antibodies and evaluating the response to a challenge dose of HBV vaccine. At 4-6 years of age 86.0% of 186 subjects had persisting anti-HBs > or =10 mIU/ml increasing to 98.4% after the challenge. At 7-9 years of age, 78.0% of 186 subjects continued to have anti-HBs antibody concentrations > or =10 mIU/ml, increasing to 98.9% after the challenge. In both studies anti-HBs antibody GMC rose >80-fold. An anamnestic response to the HBV challenge was observed in 95.7% and 98.9% of subjects in Studies A and B, respectively. In both studies, 87% of 38 subjects with initially undetectable circulating anti-HBs antibodies (>3.3 IU/ml) achieved the 10 mIU/ml threshold after challenge; > or =97.0% of subjects with detectable antibodies before the challenge at least quadrupled their concentration. Post-vaccination anti-HBs concentrations were directly related to persisting antibody concentrations and the concentrations achieved after the booster dose in the second year of life. The HBV vaccine challenge dose was well tolerated. These studies show that primary and booster vaccination with combined DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib (Infanrix hexa) induces sustained immune memory against hepatitis B up to age 9 years.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/hv.9051 | DOI Listing |
ACS Nano
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
Despite the potential of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) in treating malignant tumors, the lack of effective sonosensitizers has limited its clinical implementation. In this study, we explored the relationship between the heteroatom doping concentration in metal-organic frameworks and interface formation after pyrolysis by regulating the addition of manganese sources and successfully derived Z-scheme heterojunctions MnO/(A/R)TiO (MTO) in situ from MIL-125-NH (Ti/Mn). The electron transfer pathway introduced by interfacial contact promoted carrier separation and greatly preserved the effective redox components, significantly influencing the performance of reactive oxygen species generation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Immunol Immunother
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
The development of tumor vaccines represents a significant focus within cancer therapeutics research. Nonetheless, the efficiency of antigen presentation in tumor vaccine remains suboptimal. We introduce an innovative mRNA-lipid nanoparticle platform designed to express tumor antigenic epitopes fused with the transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic tail of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Immunol Immunother
January 2025
Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have changed the treatment paradigm for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), not all patients benefit from them. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore novel immune checkpoint inhibitors. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a unique immune checkpoint capable of exerting antitumor effects through CD8 T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Background: Microglia play an important role in immune memory. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers immune memory and primes microglia, resulting in brain pathologies and brain dysfunction following a second stimulus (1, 2). An increase in the C1q/ PSD95 expressions within microglia and excessively synaptic pruning were observed in mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (3).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Several viruses have been linked to Alzheimer disease (AD) by independent lines of evidence.
Method: Whole genome and whole exome sequences (WGS/WES) derived from brain (3,404 AD cases, 894 controls) and blood (15,612 AD cases, 24,544 controls) obtained from European ancestry (EU), African American (AA), Mexican (HMX), South Asian Indian (IND), and Caribbean Hispanic (CH) participants of the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP) and 276 AD cases 3,584 controls (all EU) from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) that did not align to the human reference genome were aligned to viral reference genomes. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) for viral DNA load was conducted using PLINK software and regression models with covariates for sex, age, ancestry principal components, and tissue source.
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