Administration of a synthetic dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor methionyl-2(S)-cyanopyrrolidine (1 mg/kg) to rats during the early postnatal period was followed by the development of behavioral changes in young and adult animals. The degree of anxiety in the elevated plus maze increased in treated rats at the age of 1-2 months. Depressive behavior in the forced swimming test was typical of animals aging 2-3 months. Diazepam reduced the severity of anxiety in treated rats. Melipramine had a normalizing effect on swimming behavior. A novel prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-methionyl-2(S)-cyanopyrrolidine had the antidepressant properties.
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