This paper describes a tunable fluidic conical lens, or axicon, for the generation and dynamic reconfiguration of Bessel beams. When illuminated with a Gaussian laser beam, our fluidic axicon generates a diverging beam with an annular cross section. By varying the refractive index of the solution that fills our device, we can vary easily the spatial properties of the resulting Bessel beam.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2952833 | DOI Listing |
JASA Express Lett
December 2024
Applied Research Laboratories, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78766-9767, USA.
Analytical solutions for acoustic vortex beams radiated by sources with uniform circular amplitude distributions are derived in the paraxial approximation. Evaluation of the Fresnel diffraction integral in the far field of an unfocused source and in the focal plane of a focused source leads to solutions in terms of an infinite series of Bessel functions for orbital numbers ℓ>-2. These solutions are reduced to closed forms for 0≤ℓ≤4, which correspond to orbital numbers commonly used in experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Photonics
December 2024
Graduate School and Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
Whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators, renowned for their high Q-factors and narrow line widths, are widely utilized in integrated photonics. Integrating diffraction gratings onto WGM cavities has gained significant attention because these gratings function as azimuthal refractive index modulators, enabling single-mode WGM emissions and supporting beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM). The introduction of curved grating structures facilitates guided mode resonances by coupling high-order diffracted waves with leaking modes from the waveguide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltramicroscopy
November 2024
Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:
Microlens array (MLA), through which all the sub-beams are focused, is widely used in multi-electron-beam systems. In this work, based on the differential algebraic (DA) method, we propose an approach in calculating the high-order aberrations for both axial and off-axial microlenses, considering the multipole fields that are introduced by the neighborhood structures in MLA, as well as the rotationally symmetric field. To perform the DA calculation, the electric fields of the microlenses are analyzed by using the azimuthal Fourier analysis and the Fourier-Bessel series Expansion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomimetics (Basel)
October 2024
State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Increasing the transmittance of zinc sulfide (ZnS) infrared windows can effectively improve the imaging quality of infrared detection. In this study, an anti-reflective subwavelength structure (ASS) was manufactured on ZnS using a femtosecond burst Bessel laser with the goal of achieving high transmittance in the mid-infrared range. The period and depth parameters of the ASS were initially determined using the effective medium approximation (EMA) theory and subsequently optimized using the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) method to eliminate surface Fresnel anti-reflections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrosc Microanal
November 2024
Istituto Nanoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via G. Campi 213/A, Modena 41125, Italy.
Tuneable phase plates for free electrons are a highly active area of research. However, their widespread implementation, similar to that of spatial light modulators in light optics, has been hindered by both conceptual and technical challenges. A specific technical challenge involves the need to minimize obstruction of the electron beam by supporting films and electrodes.
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