Osteomyelitis and inflammatory arthritis affect many children. In this article, the authors describe clinical, pathophysiologic, and imaging characteristics of common (and a few not-so-common) conditions in these categories. Emphasis is placed on MR imaging characteristics, but the article discusses other imaging modalities and clinical evaluation when appropriate. Having a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology and imaging characteristics of these disease processes helps us choose the best radiologic study to answer the clinical questions.
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