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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp09X453378 | DOI Listing |
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Findings from a Project Which Established Hepatitis C Point-of-Care Testing and Linkage to Care at a Homelessness Service in Adelaide, Australia, 2021-2022.
Viruses
December 2024
Infectious Diseases Department, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide 5000, Australia.
Background: Point-of-care hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing streamlines testing and treatment pathways. In this study, we established an HCV model of care in a homelessness service by offering antibody and RNA point-of-care testing.
Methods: A nurse and peer-led HCV model of care with peer support were implemented between November 2021 and April 2022 at a homelessness service in Adelaide, Australia.
Integrating Interpretability in Machine Learning and Deep Neural Networks: A Novel Approach to Feature Importance and Outlier Detection in COVID-19 Symptomatology and Vaccine Efficacy.
Viruses
November 2024
Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
In this study, we introduce a novel approach that integrates interpretability techniques from both traditional machine learning (ML) and deep neural networks (DNN) to quantify feature importance using global and local interpretation methods. Our method bridges the gap between interpretable ML models and powerful deep learning (DL) architectures, providing comprehensive insights into the key drivers behind model predictions, especially in detecting outliers within medical data. We applied this method to analyze COVID-19 pandemic data from 2020, yielding intriguing insights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTetanus Vaccination in Agricultural Workers: A Retrospective Study on Seroprevalence over 10 Years.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties 'Giuseppe D'Alessandro', University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Background/objectives: Tetanus is a serious, non-contagious infection caused by , which remains a global health threat despite the availability of an effective vaccine. The current state of immunization for agricultural workers in Italy reveals significant disparities, reflecting a non-homogeneous distribution of vaccination coverage across regions and subgroups. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of tetanus antibodies in a cohort of agricultural workers in Eastern Sicily in order to evaluate possible public health strategies for improving vaccination coverage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersonalized Secukinumab Treatment in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis Using Model-Informed Precision Dosing.
Pharmaceutics
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
Patient care and control of inflammatory disorders, such as psoriasis, can be improved by model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) techniques based on population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models. Clinical dose selection decisions based on MIPD strategies need to take account of the uncertainty associated with the individual PK/PD model parameters, which is determined by the quantity of individual observational data collected in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to propose an approach for personalized dosage regimens of secukinumab (SCK) in 22 Spanish patients with plaque psoriasis, whose severity level was considered moderate to severe, taking into account the uncertainty associated with individual parameters in a population-based PK/PD model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Role of Macronutrients and Gut Microbiota in Neuroinflammation Post-Traumatic Brain Injury: A Narrative Review.
Nutrients
December 2024
Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a multifaceted pathological condition resulting from external forces that disrupt neuronal integrity and function. This narrative review explores the intricate relationship between dietary macronutrients, gut microbiota (GM), and neuroinflammation in the TBI. We delineate the dual aspects of TBI: the immediate mechanical damage (primary injury) and the subsequent biological processes (secondary injury) that exacerbate neuronal damage.
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