The ultimate spectral and spatial resolutions of distributed sensing based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in optical fibers is shown for several-nanosecond Stokes pulses. Precise measurements of the local Brillouin frequency, with a spectral resolution close to the natural linewidth and, simultaneously, the spatial resolution of the pulse length are provided by AC detection of the output pump in the case of a finite cw component (base) of the Stokes pulse. Simulation examples of SBS-based sensing for fibers containing sections with different Brillouin frequencies are presented, demonstrating the high resolution of the sensing.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.14.002071DOI Listing

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